Doolittle Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Rolla Missouri S&t. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 5 and the first fall freeze around November 1, a growing season of about 207 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 18, first October 21
- Median at 32°F
- last April 5, first November 1
- Median at 28°F
- last March 26, first November 10
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 2 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 1 |
| 32°F | Apr 22 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 |
| 28°F | Apr 10 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 10 |
| 24°F | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 24 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 19 |
| 16°F | Mar 17 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 20 | Feb 13 | Feb 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 7 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 |
| 32°F | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 15 |
| 28°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 |
| 24°F | Nov 4 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 |
| 20°F | Nov 13 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 8 | Dec 12 | Dec 19 |
| 16°F | Nov 23 | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 15 | Dec 21 | Dec 24 | Jan 1 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 205 | 199 | 194 | 190 | 186 | 182 | 178 | 173 | 166 |
| 32°F | 231 | 222 | 216 | 212 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 195 | 188 |
| 28°F | 252 | 244 | 239 | 233 | 229 | 224 | 220 | 215 | 207 |
| 24°F | 273 | 264 | 259 | 253 | 249 | 244 | 239 | 234 | 225 |
| 20°F | 294 | 284 | 278 | 272 | 267 | 262 | 257 | 250 | 243 |
| 16°F | 315 | 305 | 298 | 292 | 287 | 282 | 276 | 268 | 259 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,612
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,487
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,847
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,502
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,294
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,226
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,288
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,034 | 0 | 8 |
| February | 808 | 0 | 19 |
| March | 613 | 5 | 81 |
| April | 291 | 30 | 242 |
| May | 92 | 116 | 492 |
| June | 8 | 288 | 730 |
| July | 0 | 428 | 893 |
| August | 1 | 392 | 855 |
| September | 44 | 183 | 590 |
| October | 251 | 41 | 289 |
| November | 572 | 4 | 79 |
| December | 899 | 0 | 16 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 9.4 km from Doolittle. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00237263 (Rolla Missouri S&t). Public domain.