Smith County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Raleigh 6N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 28 and the first fall freeze around November 3, a growing season of about 221 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 10, first October 25
- Median at 32°F
- last March 28, first November 3
- Median at 28°F
- last March 12, first November 15
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 28 | Apr 23 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 | Mar 22 |
| 32°F | Apr 15 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 | Mar 13 | Mar 6 |
| 28°F | Apr 3 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 | Mar 7 | Mar 2 | Feb 26 | Feb 18 |
| 24°F | Mar 19 | Mar 11 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 19 | Feb 13 | Feb 4 | Jan 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 5 | Feb 27 | Feb 18 | Feb 9 | Feb 3 | Jan 30 | Jan 25 | Jan 16 | Jan 3 |
| 16°F | Feb 22 | Feb 7 | Feb 1 | Jan 29 | Jan 24 | Jan 19 | Jan 13 | Jan 5 | Dec 29 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 32°F | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 | Nov 22 |
| 28°F | Oct 30 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 |
| 24°F | Nov 8 | Nov 15 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 22 | Jan 3 |
| 20°F | Nov 23 | Dec 2 | Dec 8 | Dec 15 | Dec 24 | Dec 31 | Jan 4 | Jan 11 | Jan 24 |
| 16°F | Dec 7 | Dec 20 | Dec 29 | Jan 1 | Jan 6 | Jan 12 | Jan 18 | Jan 26 | Feb 3 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 221 | 212 | 207 | 202 | 198 | 194 | 189 | 184 | 177 |
| 32°F | 248 | 239 | 232 | 227 | 221 | 215 | 210 | 204 | 197 |
| 28°F | 279 | 267 | 259 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 235 | 228 | 221 |
| 24°F | 319 | 306 | 297 | 288 | 281 | 274 | 266 | 258 | 249 |
| 20°F | 363 | 344 | 334 | 326 | 319 | 310 | 303 | 294 | 282 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 353 | 343 | 335 | 327 | 312 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 93% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 64% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,733
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,808
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 8,359
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,750
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 5,281
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,959
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,796
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 644 | 3 | 66 |
| February | 479 | 4 | 89 |
| March | 329 | 14 | 209 |
| April | 149 | 53 | 365 |
| May | 33 | 182 | 614 |
| June | 0 | 345 | 795 |
| July | 0 | 436 | 901 |
| August | 0 | 414 | 879 |
| September | 9 | 267 | 708 |
| October | 138 | 76 | 412 |
| November | 374 | 10 | 158 |
| December | 579 | 5 | 87 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 14.6 km from Smith County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00227276 (Raleigh 6N). Public domain.