Jackson Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Jackson Hawkins Fld. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 6 and the first fall freeze around November 19, a growing season of about 258 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last March 20, first November 9
- Median at 32°F
- last March 6, first November 19
- Median at 28°F
- last February 19, first December 4
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 7 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 | Mar 2 |
| 32°F | Mar 24 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 15 |
| 28°F | Mar 13 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 | Feb 19 | Feb 14 | Feb 7 | Jan 31 | Jan 23 |
| 24°F | Feb 28 | Feb 20 | Feb 12 | Feb 4 | Jan 31 | Jan 27 | Jan 20 | Jan 13 | Jan 2 |
| 20°F | Feb 18 | Feb 5 | Feb 1 | Jan 27 | Jan 21 | Jan 15 | Jan 11 | Jan 4 | Dec 26 |
| 16°F | Feb 6 | Feb 1 | Jan 28 | Jan 22 | Jan 17 | Jan 13 | Jan 11 | Jan 6 | Jan 1 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 |
| 32°F | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 2 | Dec 10 |
| 28°F | Nov 11 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 17 | Dec 26 | Jan 3 |
| 24°F | Nov 28 | Dec 5 | Dec 13 | Dec 23 | Dec 29 | Jan 2 | Jan 6 | Jan 13 | Jan 24 |
| 20°F | Dec 12 | Dec 24 | Dec 31 | Jan 2 | Jan 6 | Jan 11 | Jan 16 | Jan 23 | Feb 3 |
| 16°F | Jan 1 | Jan 3 | Jan 7 | Jan 10 | Jan 12 | Jan 16 | Jan 21 | Jan 29 | Feb 3 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 259 | 250 | 244 | 239 | 235 | 230 | 225 | 219 | 210 |
| 32°F | 289 | 278 | 271 | 265 | 258 | 254 | 248 | 242 | 236 |
| 28°F | 325 | 313 | 305 | 297 | 290 | 283 | 276 | 269 | 257 |
| 24°F | 360 | 348 | 339 | 333 | 327 | 318 | 311 | 303 | 289 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 360 | 350 | 342 | 334 | 322 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 347 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 92% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 58% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 21% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,123
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,523
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 9,608
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 7,916
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 6,348
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 4,918
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,637
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 550 | 6 | 94 |
| February | 392 | 11 | 133 |
| March | 230 | 36 | 297 |
| April | 80 | 98 | 470 |
| May | 10 | 277 | 732 |
| June | 0 | 459 | 909 |
| July | 0 | 544 | 1,009 |
| August | 0 | 542 | 1,007 |
| September | 2 | 382 | 829 |
| October | 75 | 139 | 530 |
| November | 293 | 19 | 218 |
| December | 491 | 10 | 119 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 5.4 km from Jackson. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00013927 (Jackson Hawkins Fld). Public domain.