Koochiching County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Big Falls. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 24 and the first fall freeze around September 20, a growing season of about 117 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 4, first September 9
- Median at 32°F
- last May 24, first September 20
- Median at 28°F
- last May 10, first October 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 27 | Jun 17 | Jun 11 | Jun 7 | Jun 4 | Jun 1 | May 30 | May 26 | May 22 |
| 32°F | Jun 6 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 26 | May 24 | May 21 | May 17 | May 13 | May 6 |
| 28°F | May 28 | May 23 | May 18 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 |
| 24°F | May 17 | May 11 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 |
| 20°F | May 6 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 7 |
| 16°F | Apr 25 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Aug 25 | Aug 30 | Sep 3 | Sep 6 | Sep 9 | Sep 12 | Sep 15 | Sep 18 | Sep 22 |
| 32°F | Sep 6 | Sep 12 | Sep 15 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 3 |
| 28°F | Sep 17 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 11 | Oct 16 |
| 24°F | Sep 29 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 30 |
| 20°F | Oct 11 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 |
| 16°F | Oct 23 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 114 | 108 | 104 | 99 | 95 | 90 | 85 | 78 | 69 |
| 32°F | 139 | 132 | 127 | 122 | 117 | 113 | 109 | 104 | 97 |
| 28°F | 162 | 156 | 151 | 146 | 142 | 137 | 132 | 127 | 118 |
| 24°F | 185 | 178 | 173 | 168 | 164 | 160 | 156 | 151 | 144 |
| 20°F | 206 | 199 | 195 | 191 | 187 | 182 | 177 | 172 | 166 |
| 16°F | 223 | 216 | 213 | 209 | 205 | 201 | 198 | 193 | 186 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 10,140
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 176
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,196
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,327
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,579
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 959
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 479
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,861 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,527 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,265 | 0 | 3 |
| April | 794 | 0 | 17 |
| May | 427 | 8 | 137 |
| June | 159 | 31 | 327 |
| July | 72 | 72 | 465 |
| August | 107 | 53 | 412 |
| September | 326 | 11 | 184 |
| October | 734 | 0 | 34 |
| November | 1,190 | 0 | 1 |
| December | 1,679 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 5.5 km from Koochiching County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00210746 (Big Falls). Public domain.