Dexter Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Chelsea. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 30 and the first fall freeze around October 12, a growing season of about 163 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 11, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last April 30, first October 12
- Median at 28°F
- last April 20, first October 26
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 27 | May 22 | May 18 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 26 |
| 32°F | May 17 | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 |
| 28°F | May 6 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 |
| 24°F | Apr 24 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 |
| 20°F | Apr 13 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 |
| 16°F | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 18 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 |
| 32°F | Sep 28 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 27 |
| 28°F | Oct 10 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 24°F | Oct 23 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 21 |
| 20°F | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 4 |
| 16°F | Nov 13 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 12 | Dec 19 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 161 | 155 | 149 | 145 | 142 | 137 | 133 | 128 | 120 |
| 32°F | 184 | 177 | 171 | 168 | 163 | 159 | 154 | 148 | 140 |
| 28°F | 209 | 201 | 196 | 191 | 187 | 182 | 177 | 172 | 165 |
| 24°F | 231 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 212 | 208 | 203 | 198 | 191 |
| 20°F | 256 | 248 | 242 | 238 | 234 | 229 | 226 | 220 | 213 |
| 16°F | 278 | 271 | 264 | 259 | 254 | 250 | 246 | 240 | 233 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,655
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 610
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,764
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,669
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,705
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,870
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,165
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,286 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,100 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 935 | 1 | 14 |
| April | 543 | 5 | 80 |
| May | 236 | 36 | 287 |
| June | 47 | 127 | 530 |
| July | 12 | 211 | 665 |
| August | 19 | 164 | 609 |
| September | 134 | 60 | 382 |
| October | 453 | 7 | 120 |
| November | 780 | 0 | 17 |
| December | 1,108 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.3 km from Dexter. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00201502 (Chelsea). Public domain.