Kittery Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Greenland. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 4 and the first fall freeze around October 8, a growing season of about 157 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 16, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last May 4, first October 8
- Median at 28°F
- last April 23, first October 21
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 29 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 |
| 32°F | May 18 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 |
| 28°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 | Apr 7 |
| 24°F | Apr 23 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 |
| 20°F | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 |
| 16°F | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 16 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 |
| 32°F | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 24 |
| 28°F | Oct 5 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 |
| 24°F | Oct 18 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 |
| 20°F | Nov 2 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 |
| 16°F | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 1 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 10 | Dec 16 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 154 | 147 | 142 | 138 | 134 | 131 | 126 | 121 | 115 |
| 32°F | 174 | 168 | 163 | 160 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 144 | 138 |
| 28°F | 201 | 194 | 189 | 185 | 180 | 176 | 171 | 166 | 158 |
| 24°F | 229 | 221 | 217 | 212 | 209 | 205 | 200 | 195 | 187 |
| 20°F | 255 | 249 | 243 | 239 | 234 | 231 | 226 | 221 | 214 |
| 16°F | 277 | 270 | 265 | 261 | 256 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 237 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,775
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 478
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,390
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,314
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,385
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,602
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 961
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,257 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 1,075 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 952 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 593 | 2 | 51 |
| May | 312 | 16 | 196 |
| June | 93 | 79 | 437 |
| July | 14 | 179 | 629 |
| August | 21 | 148 | 592 |
| September | 148 | 51 | 357 |
| October | 465 | 3 | 98 |
| November | 761 | 0 | 16 |
| December | 1,083 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.4 km from Kittery. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00273626 (Greenland). Public domain.