Simpson Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Ft Polk Fullerton Lndg Strip. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 1 and the first fall freeze around November 23, a growing season of about 268 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last March 15, first November 11
- Median at 32°F
- last March 1, first November 23
- Median at 28°F
- last February 7, first December 10
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 | Feb 23 |
| 32°F | Mar 24 | Mar 16 | Mar 10 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 20 | Feb 12 | Jan 31 |
| 28°F | Mar 9 | Mar 2 | Feb 25 | Feb 16 | Feb 7 | Jan 31 | Jan 26 | Jan 16 | Jan 2 |
| 24°F | Feb 28 | Feb 15 | Feb 5 | Jan 30 | Jan 23 | Jan 17 | Jan 11 | Jan 2 | Dec 22 |
| 20°F | Feb 9 | Feb 1 | Jan 29 | Jan 22 | Jan 16 | Jan 9 | Jan 5 | Dec 31 | Dec 21 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 23 | Dec 1 |
| 32°F | Nov 4 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 | Dec 20 |
| 28°F | Nov 15 | Nov 24 | Nov 29 | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 18 | Dec 28 | Jan 5 | Jan 14 |
| 24°F | Nov 30 | Dec 9 | Dec 19 | Dec 27 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 12 | Jan 19 | Feb 2 |
| 20°F | Dec 15 | Dec 26 | Jan 1 | Jan 3 | Jan 7 | Jan 12 | Jan 19 | Jan 30 | Feb 4 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 271 | 259 | 253 | 247 | 242 | 237 | 230 | 223 | 215 |
| 32°F | 307 | 294 | 285 | 276 | 268 | 262 | 255 | 249 | 238 |
| 28°F | 345 | 333 | 324 | 316 | 308 | 300 | 291 | 281 | 265 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 357 | 347 | 339 | 331 | 319 | 303 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 360 | 342 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 96% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 71% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 28% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 5% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 1,751
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,706
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 10,114
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 8,376
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 6,745
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 5,241
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,891
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 448 | 9 | 135 |
| February | 329 | 17 | 175 |
| March | 187 | 47 | 341 |
| April | 56 | 123 | 518 |
| May | 5 | 314 | 775 |
| June | 0 | 478 | 928 |
| July | 0 | 561 | 1,026 |
| August | 0 | 553 | 1,018 |
| September | 1 | 392 | 841 |
| October | 54 | 165 | 577 |
| November | 242 | 32 | 266 |
| December | 431 | 14 | 146 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 11.6 km from Simpson. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00053988 (Ft Polk Fullerton Lndg Strip). Public domain.