Todd County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Elkton. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 3 and the first fall freeze around October 29, a growing season of about 207 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 15, first October 19
- Median at 32°F
- last April 3, first October 29
- Median at 28°F
- last March 25, first November 8
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 2 | Apr 26 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 |
| 32°F | Apr 21 | Apr 15 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 18 |
| 28°F | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 4 |
| 24°F | Mar 29 | Mar 23 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 21 |
| 20°F | Mar 19 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 20 | Feb 14 | Feb 7 |
| 16°F | Mar 11 | Mar 3 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 17 | Feb 13 | Feb 7 | Feb 2 | Jan 26 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 |
| 32°F | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 |
| 28°F | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 26 |
| 24°F | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 |
| 20°F | Nov 12 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 8 | Dec 13 | Dec 21 |
| 16°F | Nov 24 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 26 | Dec 30 | Jan 6 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 205 | 199 | 194 | 191 | 186 | 182 | 177 | 172 | 165 |
| 32°F | 227 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 207 | 204 | 200 | 194 | 188 |
| 28°F | 252 | 245 | 240 | 234 | 230 | 226 | 221 | 216 | 208 |
| 24°F | 277 | 269 | 262 | 257 | 252 | 248 | 242 | 237 | 229 |
| 20°F | 305 | 293 | 286 | 280 | 275 | 269 | 263 | 255 | 247 |
| 16°F | 328 | 320 | 311 | 305 | 299 | 293 | 286 | 279 | 270 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,248
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,499
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,038
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,641
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,383
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,280
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,325
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 974 | 0 | 11 |
| February | 739 | 0 | 31 |
| March | 552 | 3 | 88 |
| April | 242 | 35 | 276 |
| May | 80 | 134 | 521 |
| June | 4 | 292 | 738 |
| July | 0 | 414 | 879 |
| August | 1 | 377 | 841 |
| September | 29 | 201 | 622 |
| October | 232 | 41 | 297 |
| November | 560 | 2 | 65 |
| December | 835 | 0 | 14 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 3.9 km from Todd County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00152548 (Elkton). Public domain.