Mankato Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Mankato. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 30 and the first fall freeze around October 14, a growing season of about 165 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 8, first October 4
- Median at 32°F
- last April 30, first October 14
- Median at 28°F
- last April 20, first October 23
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 21 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 |
| 32°F | May 14 | May 9 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 15 |
| 28°F | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 |
| 24°F | Apr 25 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 23 |
| 20°F | Apr 16 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 13 |
| 16°F | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 7 | Mar 1 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 20 | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 18 |
| 32°F | Sep 28 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 |
| 28°F | Oct 5 | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 24°F | Oct 18 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 13 |
| 20°F | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 |
| 16°F | Nov 1 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 4 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 167 | 160 | 155 | 152 | 148 | 144 | 140 | 136 | 130 |
| 32°F | 184 | 179 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 151 | 146 |
| 28°F | 205 | 198 | 193 | 188 | 184 | 180 | 174 | 169 | 163 |
| 24°F | 227 | 219 | 213 | 209 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 182 |
| 20°F | 246 | 238 | 232 | 228 | 224 | 220 | 215 | 209 | 201 |
| 16°F | 267 | 259 | 251 | 246 | 242 | 237 | 232 | 226 | 218 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,976
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,167
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,767
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,589
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,531
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,612
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,826
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,220 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 989 | 0 | 4 |
| March | 780 | 0 | 35 |
| April | 456 | 6 | 118 |
| May | 188 | 55 | 344 |
| June | 22 | 242 | 670 |
| July | 1 | 410 | 874 |
| August | 6 | 323 | 782 |
| September | 87 | 117 | 483 |
| October | 361 | 15 | 192 |
| November | 754 | 0 | 28 |
| December | 1,113 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.6 km from Mankato. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00144982 (Mankato). Public domain.