Horton Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Horton. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 18 and the first fall freeze around October 17, a growing season of about 180 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 29, first October 7
- Median at 32°F
- last April 18, first October 17
- Median at 28°F
- last April 9, first October 27
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 11 | May 6 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 |
| 32°F | May 2 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 3 |
| 28°F | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 24 |
| 24°F | Apr 16 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 13 |
| 20°F | Apr 6 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 |
| 16°F | Mar 29 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 24 | Sep 28 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 |
| 32°F | Oct 2 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 |
| 28°F | Oct 11 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 |
| 24°F | Oct 22 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 |
| 20°F | Oct 30 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 |
| 16°F | Nov 5 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 181 | 174 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 143 |
| 32°F | 199 | 192 | 188 | 184 | 180 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 159 |
| 28°F | 220 | 212 | 207 | 203 | 200 | 196 | 192 | 187 | 179 |
| 24°F | 239 | 231 | 225 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 207 | 203 | 196 |
| 20°F | 259 | 251 | 245 | 240 | 235 | 231 | 226 | 220 | 213 |
| 16°F | 278 | 272 | 266 | 261 | 256 | 250 | 246 | 240 | 231 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,560
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,290
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,142
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,925
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,834
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,863
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,014
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,199 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 949 | 0 | 7 |
| March | 717 | 2 | 51 |
| April | 377 | 12 | 169 |
| May | 120 | 95 | 446 |
| June | 9 | 274 | 715 |
| July | 1 | 405 | 869 |
| August | 3 | 337 | 800 |
| September | 65 | 145 | 531 |
| October | 340 | 19 | 209 |
| November | 713 | 0 | 34 |
| December | 1,068 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.9 km from Horton. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00143810 (Horton). Public domain.