Hays Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Hays. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 19 and the first fall freeze around October 22, a growing season of about 184 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 30, first October 13
- Median at 32°F
- last April 19, first October 22
- Median at 28°F
- last April 9, first October 31
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 |
| 32°F | May 2 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 |
| 28°F | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 24 |
| 24°F | Apr 15 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 16 | Mar 10 |
| 20°F | Apr 6 | Apr 1 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F | Mar 27 | Mar 18 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Mar 2 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 28 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 |
| 32°F | Oct 6 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 28°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 |
| 24°F | Oct 24 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 |
| 20°F | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 27 | Dec 3 |
| 16°F | Nov 8 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 182 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 152 | 146 |
| 32°F | 202 | 196 | 191 | 187 | 184 | 180 | 175 | 170 | 164 |
| 28°F | 223 | 217 | 212 | 208 | 205 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 183 |
| 24°F | 247 | 239 | 233 | 229 | 225 | 219 | 214 | 208 | 200 |
| 20°F | 269 | 261 | 254 | 249 | 245 | 240 | 235 | 228 | 219 |
| 16°F | 292 | 284 | 278 | 273 | 268 | 262 | 257 | 250 | 241 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,935
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,546
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,612
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,306
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,158
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,155
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,286
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,017 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 831 | 0 | 12 |
| March | 634 | 3 | 65 |
| April | 362 | 13 | 172 |
| May | 136 | 99 | 439 |
| June | 7 | 327 | 769 |
| July | 1 | 470 | 934 |
| August | 2 | 411 | 874 |
| September | 50 | 197 | 599 |
| October | 297 | 27 | 248 |
| November | 649 | 1 | 44 |
| December | 950 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 1.6 km from Hays. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00143523 (Hays). Public domain.