Ellsworth Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Ellsworth. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 23 and the first fall freeze around October 16, a growing season of about 175 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 1, first October 7
- Median at 32°F
- last April 23, first October 16
- Median at 28°F
- last April 13, first October 26
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 13 | May 9 | May 6 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 18 |
| 32°F | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 |
| 28°F | Apr 27 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 29 |
| 24°F | Apr 18 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 15 |
| 20°F | Apr 9 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 |
| 16°F | Apr 3 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 24 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 |
| 32°F | Sep 30 | Oct 5 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 |
| 28°F | Oct 9 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 8 |
| 24°F | Oct 20 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 18 |
| 20°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 23 | Dec 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 3 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 9 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 175 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 158 | 155 | 151 | 146 | 140 |
| 32°F | 193 | 187 | 183 | 178 | 175 | 171 | 167 | 162 | 155 |
| 28°F | 214 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 195 | 191 | 187 | 182 | 175 |
| 24°F | 235 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 214 | 210 | 206 | 201 | 194 |
| 20°F | 259 | 251 | 244 | 238 | 233 | 229 | 223 | 218 | 210 |
| 16°F | 277 | 270 | 263 | 258 | 252 | 247 | 241 | 236 | 226 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,207
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,507
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,484
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,219
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,097
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,107
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,241
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,090 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 883 | 0 | 10 |
| March | 668 | 2 | 58 |
| April | 367 | 16 | 174 |
| May | 128 | 103 | 447 |
| June | 9 | 311 | 751 |
| July | 1 | 467 | 931 |
| August | 2 | 394 | 857 |
| September | 61 | 184 | 575 |
| October | 309 | 30 | 245 |
| November | 669 | 1 | 46 |
| December | 1,021 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.3 km from Ellsworth. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00142459 (Ellsworth). Public domain.