Concordia Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Concordia 1 W. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 21 and the first fall freeze around October 19, a growing season of about 177 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 1, first October 10
- Median at 32°F
- last April 21, first October 19
- Median at 28°F
- last April 11, first October 28
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 13 | May 9 | May 5 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 18 |
| 32°F | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 7 |
| 28°F | Apr 26 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 28 |
| 24°F | Apr 17 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 | Mar 15 |
| 20°F | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 |
| 16°F | Apr 1 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 24 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 |
| 32°F | Oct 2 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 31 |
| 28°F | Oct 12 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 |
| 24°F | Oct 21 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 21 |
| 20°F | Oct 29 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 5 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 177 | 171 | 167 | 163 | 159 | 155 | 152 | 147 | 141 |
| 32°F | 196 | 190 | 185 | 181 | 177 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 158 |
| 28°F | 219 | 212 | 207 | 202 | 198 | 194 | 190 | 185 | 178 |
| 24°F | 240 | 233 | 226 | 222 | 218 | 214 | 209 | 204 | 196 |
| 20°F | 260 | 251 | 246 | 240 | 236 | 231 | 226 | 219 | 212 |
| 16°F | 281 | 271 | 266 | 261 | 255 | 251 | 246 | 238 | 229 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,625
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,263
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,057
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,835
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,751
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,796
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,966
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,176 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 953 | 0 | 7 |
| March | 716 | 1 | 52 |
| April | 399 | 9 | 155 |
| May | 156 | 77 | 396 |
| June | 11 | 256 | 694 |
| July | 1 | 410 | 874 |
| August | 3 | 336 | 798 |
| September | 72 | 151 | 531 |
| October | 341 | 22 | 212 |
| November | 719 | 1 | 31 |
| December | 1,077 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 1.5 km from Concordia. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00141761 (Concordia 1 W). Public domain.