Marengo Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Williamsburg 1E. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 28 and the first fall freeze around October 9, a growing season of about 164 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 7, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last April 28, first October 9
- Median at 28°F
- last April 18, first October 19
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 21 | May 16 | May 12 | May 9 | May 7 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 |
| 32°F | May 12 | May 7 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 |
| 28°F | May 2 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 |
| 24°F | Apr 24 | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 23 |
| 20°F | Apr 13 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 10 |
| 16°F | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 2 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 |
| 32°F | Sep 24 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 |
| 28°F | Oct 4 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 |
| 24°F | Oct 15 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 10 |
| 20°F | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 23 |
| 16°F | Nov 2 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 4 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 162 | 157 | 152 | 148 | 145 | 142 | 138 | 133 | 127 |
| 32°F | 181 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 164 | 160 | 156 | 151 | 145 |
| 28°F | 202 | 196 | 191 | 186 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 169 | 161 |
| 24°F | 223 | 215 | 210 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 194 | 188 | 181 |
| 20°F | 246 | 239 | 233 | 228 | 223 | 219 | 214 | 208 | 201 |
| 16°F | 268 | 259 | 255 | 250 | 245 | 241 | 236 | 230 | 222 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,866
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 785
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,058
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,960
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,981
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,123
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,387
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,413 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,158 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 895 | 1 | 22 |
| April | 503 | 5 | 94 |
| May | 202 | 50 | 329 |
| June | 29 | 178 | 598 |
| July | 5 | 262 | 722 |
| August | 15 | 198 | 648 |
| September | 126 | 81 | 411 |
| October | 451 | 11 | 137 |
| November | 837 | 0 | 18 |
| December | 1,232 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 16 km from Marengo. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00139067 (Williamsburg 1E). Public domain.