Garwin Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Toledo 3N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 30 and the first fall freeze around October 9, a growing season of about 162 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 7, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last April 30, first October 9
- Median at 28°F
- last April 19, first October 20
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 20 | May 16 | May 12 | May 9 | May 7 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 |
| 32°F | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 15 |
| 28°F | May 3 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 |
| 24°F | Apr 24 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 |
| 20°F | Apr 14 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 |
| 16°F | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 5 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 12 |
| 32°F | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 |
| 28°F | Oct 6 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 |
| 24°F | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 12 |
| 20°F | Oct 25 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 24 |
| 16°F | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 3 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 162 | 156 | 152 | 148 | 144 | 141 | 138 | 134 | 128 |
| 32°F | 181 | 174 | 169 | 165 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 144 |
| 28°F | 203 | 195 | 190 | 186 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 169 | 161 |
| 24°F | 223 | 215 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 199 | 195 | 190 | 183 |
| 20°F | 243 | 234 | 230 | 224 | 219 | 215 | 211 | 206 | 200 |
| 16°F | 262 | 254 | 247 | 243 | 239 | 234 | 229 | 224 | 216 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,115
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 704
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,891
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,811
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,849
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,004
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,286
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,454 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,194 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 935 | 1 | 19 |
| April | 530 | 3 | 85 |
| May | 223 | 42 | 303 |
| June | 32 | 158 | 576 |
| July | 7 | 238 | 696 |
| August | 19 | 180 | 626 |
| September | 134 | 73 | 395 |
| October | 460 | 9 | 132 |
| November | 861 | 0 | 16 |
| December | 1,265 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.2 km from Garwin. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00138296 (Toledo 3N). Public domain.