Batavia Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Fairfield. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 27 and the first fall freeze around October 12, a growing season of about 168 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 8, first October 3
- Median at 32°F
- last April 27, first October 12
- Median at 28°F
- last April 15, first October 22
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 24 | May 19 | May 15 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 23 |
| 32°F | May 14 | May 8 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 |
| 28°F | May 1 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 |
| 24°F | Apr 20 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 19 |
| 20°F | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 |
| 16°F | Apr 1 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 19 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 |
| 32°F | Sep 27 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 25 |
| 28°F | Oct 7 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 |
| 24°F | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 |
| 20°F | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 26 |
| 16°F | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 5 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 169 | 161 | 156 | 152 | 148 | 144 | 139 | 133 | 127 |
| 32°F | 188 | 182 | 177 | 172 | 168 | 164 | 159 | 155 | 145 |
| 28°F | 210 | 204 | 199 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 180 | 175 | 166 |
| 24°F | 233 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 202 | 198 | 190 |
| 20°F | 255 | 247 | 241 | 235 | 231 | 226 | 221 | 216 | 209 |
| 16°F | 274 | 266 | 260 | 255 | 251 | 246 | 241 | 236 | 230 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,377
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 842
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,307
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,164
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,143
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,244
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,473
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,330 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,074 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 829 | 1 | 33 |
| April | 447 | 8 | 125 |
| May | 189 | 51 | 341 |
| June | 26 | 176 | 600 |
| July | 4 | 278 | 739 |
| August | 11 | 226 | 680 |
| September | 107 | 91 | 438 |
| October | 413 | 11 | 158 |
| November | 788 | 0 | 26 |
| December | 1,161 | 0 | 2 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 18 km from Batavia. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00132789 (Fairfield). Public domain.