Ackley Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Iowa Falls. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 28 and the first fall freeze around October 10, a growing season of about 164 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 7, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last April 28, first October 10
- Median at 28°F
- last April 17, first October 20
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 20 | May 15 | May 12 | May 9 | May 7 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 |
| 32°F | May 11 | May 7 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 |
| 28°F | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 3 |
| 24°F | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 22 |
| 20°F | Apr 14 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 11 |
| 16°F | Apr 5 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 |
| 32°F | Sep 26 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 |
| 28°F | Oct 5 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 |
| 24°F | Oct 17 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 |
| 20°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 23 |
| 16°F | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 164 | 158 | 153 | 150 | 146 | 143 | 139 | 135 | 129 |
| 32°F | 183 | 177 | 173 | 168 | 164 | 161 | 156 | 152 | 147 |
| 28°F | 204 | 197 | 193 | 188 | 184 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 165 |
| 24°F | 225 | 218 | 213 | 209 | 205 | 201 | 197 | 193 | 186 |
| 20°F | 247 | 238 | 232 | 228 | 223 | 219 | 215 | 210 | 203 |
| 16°F | 263 | 256 | 251 | 246 | 241 | 236 | 232 | 227 | 220 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,307
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 693
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,814
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,754
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,807
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,979
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,272
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,491 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,222 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 963 | 0 | 13 |
| April | 549 | 3 | 75 |
| May | 231 | 39 | 295 |
| June | 32 | 157 | 575 |
| July | 6 | 240 | 699 |
| August | 16 | 179 | 628 |
| September | 137 | 68 | 388 |
| October | 472 | 7 | 122 |
| November | 891 | 0 | 13 |
| December | 1,296 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 16.9 km from Ackley. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00134142 (Iowa Falls). Public domain.