Ossian Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Bluffton 6N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 24 and the first fall freeze around October 20, a growing season of about 179 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 3, first October 10
- Median at 32°F
- last April 24, first October 20
- Median at 28°F
- last April 12, first November 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 18 | May 13 | May 9 | May 6 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 20 |
| 32°F | May 9 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 16 | Apr 10 |
| 28°F | Apr 27 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 |
| 24°F | Apr 15 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 16 |
| 20°F | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 |
| 16°F | Mar 29 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 23 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 |
| 32°F | Oct 6 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 |
| 28°F | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 15 |
| 24°F | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 |
| 20°F | Nov 8 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 |
| 16°F | Nov 15 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 23 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 176 | 170 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 154 | 149 | 145 | 138 |
| 32°F | 198 | 192 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 175 | 171 | 165 | 158 |
| 28°F | 222 | 214 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 188 | 181 |
| 24°F | 248 | 240 | 234 | 230 | 225 | 221 | 217 | 212 | 205 |
| 20°F | 271 | 262 | 256 | 251 | 246 | 242 | 238 | 232 | 224 |
| 16°F | 293 | 284 | 278 | 272 | 267 | 261 | 255 | 250 | 242 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,184
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 798
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,270
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,115
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,091
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,194
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,430
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,254 | 0 | 2 |
| February | 1,053 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 860 | 1 | 24 |
| April | 479 | 8 | 111 |
| May | 188 | 59 | 349 |
| June | 31 | 181 | 600 |
| July | 5 | 251 | 711 |
| August | 12 | 199 | 652 |
| September | 98 | 88 | 443 |
| October | 390 | 12 | 164 |
| November | 734 | 0 | 29 |
| December | 1,082 | 0 | 4 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.5 km from Ossian. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00120830 (Bluffton 6N). Public domain.