Milroy Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Rushville. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 19 and the first fall freeze around October 23, a growing season of about 185 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 30, first October 13
- Median at 32°F
- last April 19, first October 23
- Median at 28°F
- last April 6, first November 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 15 | May 9 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 |
| 32°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 4 |
| 28°F | Apr 23 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 23 |
| 24°F | Apr 10 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 11 |
| 20°F | Apr 2 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 10 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 13 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 29 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 |
| 32°F | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 |
| 28°F | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 |
| 24°F | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 29 |
| 20°F | Nov 7 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 | Dec 16 |
| 16°F | Nov 16 | Nov 22 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 21 | Dec 27 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 182 | 176 | 172 | 167 | 163 | 160 | 156 | 151 | 145 |
| 32°F | 203 | 197 | 192 | 189 | 185 | 182 | 178 | 172 | 164 |
| 28°F | 227 | 220 | 215 | 211 | 206 | 203 | 199 | 195 | 187 |
| 24°F | 252 | 244 | 239 | 234 | 230 | 226 | 221 | 215 | 209 |
| 20°F | 278 | 269 | 263 | 259 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 237 | 228 |
| 16°F | 300 | 291 | 285 | 279 | 274 | 269 | 264 | 258 | 251 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,683
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 881
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,592
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,382
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,306
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,360
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,550
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,186 | 0 | 2 |
| February | 965 | 0 | 4 |
| March | 772 | 1 | 40 |
| April | 413 | 8 | 144 |
| May | 158 | 71 | 387 |
| June | 21 | 193 | 623 |
| July | 3 | 266 | 729 |
| August | 7 | 224 | 682 |
| September | 85 | 102 | 469 |
| October | 360 | 16 | 185 |
| November | 701 | 1 | 36 |
| December | 1,014 | 0 | 6 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 12 km from Milroy. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00127646 (Rushville). Public domain.