White County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Carmi 3. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 15 and the first fall freeze around October 19, a growing season of about 183 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 28, first October 8
- Median at 32°F
- last April 15, first October 19
- Median at 28°F
- last April 3, first October 28
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 14 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 |
| 32°F | May 2 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 2 |
| 28°F | Apr 19 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 19 |
| 24°F | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 6 |
| 20°F | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 24 |
| 16°F | Mar 19 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 19 | Feb 11 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 23 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 |
| 32°F | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 |
| 28°F | Oct 12 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 24°F | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 | Nov 24 |
| 20°F | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 |
| 16°F | Nov 9 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 16 | Dec 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 181 | 175 | 169 | 165 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 149 | 142 |
| 32°F | 202 | 196 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 174 | 169 | 161 |
| 28°F | 226 | 220 | 214 | 209 | 205 | 201 | 197 | 192 | 185 |
| 24°F | 249 | 242 | 236 | 231 | 227 | 222 | 218 | 213 | 207 |
| 20°F | 275 | 267 | 260 | 254 | 249 | 245 | 240 | 235 | 228 |
| 16°F | 301 | 292 | 284 | 279 | 273 | 267 | 262 | 255 | 247 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,857
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,245
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,395
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,086
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,921
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,896
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,001
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,049 | 0 | 6 |
| February | 848 | 0 | 10 |
| March | 644 | 2 | 59 |
| April | 305 | 20 | 215 |
| May | 101 | 106 | 472 |
| June | 8 | 274 | 717 |
| July | 1 | 362 | 826 |
| August | 3 | 309 | 772 |
| September | 53 | 146 | 544 |
| October | 289 | 24 | 239 |
| November | 627 | 1 | 53 |
| December | 930 | 0 | 10 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 1.6 km from White County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00111302 (Carmi 3). Public domain.