Olney Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Olney 2S. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 15 and the first fall freeze around October 23, a growing season of about 189 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 26, first October 13
- Median at 32°F
- last April 15, first October 23
- Median at 28°F
- last April 3, first November 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 13 | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 |
| 32°F | May 3 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 |
| 28°F | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 |
| 24°F | Apr 8 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 6 |
| 20°F | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 13 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 |
| 16°F | Mar 21 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 | Feb 8 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 29 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 |
| 32°F | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 |
| 28°F | Oct 17 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 15 |
| 24°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 23 | Nov 29 |
| 20°F | Nov 4 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 11 |
| 16°F | Nov 12 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 25 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 188 | 181 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 164 | 159 | 153 | 146 |
| 32°F | 210 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 189 | 186 | 181 | 176 | 169 |
| 28°F | 233 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 203 | 198 | 190 |
| 24°F | 258 | 250 | 243 | 239 | 233 | 228 | 223 | 217 | 209 |
| 20°F | 281 | 273 | 267 | 260 | 255 | 250 | 244 | 238 | 229 |
| 16°F | 306 | 297 | 289 | 284 | 277 | 272 | 266 | 259 | 249 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,102
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,195
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,244
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,969
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,829
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,818
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,939
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,106 | 0 | 5 |
| February | 888 | 0 | 8 |
| March | 690 | 3 | 57 |
| April | 340 | 15 | 191 |
| May | 117 | 92 | 444 |
| June | 10 | 257 | 697 |
| July | 1 | 348 | 812 |
| August | 2 | 305 | 769 |
| September | 53 | 146 | 544 |
| October | 294 | 28 | 240 |
| November | 640 | 2 | 53 |
| December | 961 | 0 | 9 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 3.4 km from Olney. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00116446 (Olney 2S). Public domain.