Galva Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Galva. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 26 and the first fall freeze around October 12, a growing season of about 166 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 5, first October 2
- Median at 32°F
- last April 26, first October 12
- Median at 28°F
- last April 16, first October 22
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 20 | May 15 | May 12 | May 8 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 |
| 32°F | May 11 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 |
| 28°F | Apr 30 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 |
| 24°F | Apr 20 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 23 |
| 20°F | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 9 |
| 16°F | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 |
| 32°F | Sep 25 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 24 |
| 28°F | Oct 7 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 |
| 24°F | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 |
| 20°F | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 27 |
| 16°F | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 165 | 160 | 156 | 152 | 148 | 144 | 140 | 134 | 127 |
| 32°F | 186 | 179 | 175 | 171 | 166 | 162 | 158 | 152 | 145 |
| 28°F | 207 | 201 | 196 | 192 | 189 | 184 | 180 | 175 | 166 |
| 24°F | 231 | 223 | 218 | 214 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 197 | 189 |
| 20°F | 255 | 246 | 241 | 235 | 231 | 226 | 222 | 216 | 210 |
| 16°F | 273 | 265 | 260 | 255 | 250 | 245 | 241 | 236 | 229 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,470
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 839
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,263
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,133
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,123
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,231
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,467
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,350 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,093 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 848 | 2 | 29 |
| April | 469 | 7 | 114 |
| May | 177 | 66 | 366 |
| June | 23 | 193 | 620 |
| July | 5 | 269 | 728 |
| August | 13 | 207 | 659 |
| September | 115 | 85 | 424 |
| October | 413 | 12 | 155 |
| November | 792 | 0 | 25 |
| December | 1,170 | 0 | 2 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.9 km from Galva. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00113335 (Galva). Public domain.