Elsah Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for St Charles CO AP. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 5 and the first fall freeze around October 27, a growing season of about 203 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 17, first October 17
- Median at 32°F
- last April 5, first October 27
- Median at 28°F
- last March 26, first November 6
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 2 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 |
| 32°F | Apr 21 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 |
| 28°F | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 10 |
| 24°F | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 10 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 16 |
| 16°F | Mar 16 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 13 | Feb 4 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 1 | Oct 6 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 |
| 32°F | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 9 |
| 28°F | Oct 26 | Oct 31 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 |
| 24°F | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 7 |
| 20°F | Nov 10 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 19 |
| 16°F | Nov 21 | Nov 27 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 24 | Dec 30 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 200 | 193 | 188 | 184 | 181 | 177 | 173 | 168 | 162 |
| 32°F | 222 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 195 | 191 | 185 |
| 28°F | 248 | 240 | 235 | 231 | 226 | 221 | 217 | 212 | 205 |
| 24°F | 270 | 262 | 256 | 252 | 247 | 242 | 237 | 231 | 223 |
| 20°F | 292 | 283 | 276 | 271 | 267 | 262 | 256 | 251 | 243 |
| 16°F | 316 | 306 | 299 | 293 | 288 | 282 | 275 | 269 | 259 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,681
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,465
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,738
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,413
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,230
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,178
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,255
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,060 | 0 | 4 |
| February | 830 | 0 | 12 |
| March | 611 | 4 | 72 |
| April | 276 | 25 | 240 |
| May | 77 | 127 | 515 |
| June | 5 | 317 | 762 |
| July | 0 | 422 | 887 |
| August | 1 | 370 | 834 |
| September | 41 | 166 | 575 |
| October | 265 | 34 | 265 |
| November | 601 | 1 | 56 |
| December | 913 | 0 | 10 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 6.6 km from Elsah. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00053904 (St Charles CO AP). Public domain.