Colchester Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for La Harpe. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 21 and the first fall freeze around October 19, a growing season of about 180 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 1, first October 8
- Median at 32°F
- last April 21, first October 19
- Median at 28°F
- last April 8, first October 28
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 15 | May 10 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 17 |
| 32°F | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 |
| 28°F | Apr 25 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 25 |
| 24°F | Apr 14 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 11 |
| 20°F | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 |
| 16°F | Mar 30 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 23 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 24 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 |
| 32°F | Oct 4 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 31 |
| 28°F | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 |
| 24°F | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 |
| 20°F | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 178 | 172 | 167 | 162 | 159 | 154 | 150 | 146 | 138 |
| 32°F | 199 | 192 | 187 | 183 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 167 | 161 |
| 28°F | 221 | 214 | 209 | 205 | 201 | 197 | 192 | 188 | 180 |
| 24°F | 244 | 235 | 230 | 226 | 222 | 218 | 214 | 209 | 201 |
| 20°F | 263 | 255 | 250 | 245 | 241 | 236 | 232 | 228 | 220 |
| 16°F | 281 | 273 | 267 | 262 | 257 | 253 | 247 | 243 | 235 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,103
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 955
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,541
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,375
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,336
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,414
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,618
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,291 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,042 | 0 | 3 |
| March | 798 | 2 | 36 |
| April | 433 | 9 | 133 |
| May | 161 | 68 | 381 |
| June | 21 | 207 | 636 |
| July | 2 | 301 | 764 |
| August | 6 | 248 | 707 |
| September | 96 | 106 | 464 |
| October | 381 | 15 | 179 |
| November | 753 | 0 | 31 |
| December | 1,119 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 23 km from Colchester. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00114823 (La Harpe). Public domain.