Benton Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Rend Lake Dam. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 4 and the first fall freeze around October 27, a growing season of about 204 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 15, first October 18
- Median at 32°F
- last April 4, first October 27
- Median at 28°F
- last March 26, first November 5
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 1 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 |
| 32°F | Apr 19 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 |
| 28°F | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 10 |
| 24°F | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 6 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 18 |
| 16°F | Mar 15 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Mar 1 | Feb 27 | Feb 24 | Feb 20 | Feb 15 | Feb 8 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 5 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 |
| 32°F | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 8 |
| 28°F | Oct 25 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 23 |
| 24°F | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 |
| 20°F | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 19 |
| 16°F | Nov 17 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 25 | Jan 1 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 202 | 196 | 192 | 187 | 183 | 180 | 176 | 171 | 163 |
| 32°F | 222 | 216 | 211 | 207 | 204 | 200 | 197 | 191 | 185 |
| 28°F | 246 | 238 | 232 | 227 | 223 | 219 | 215 | 210 | 203 |
| 24°F | 269 | 261 | 256 | 250 | 245 | 241 | 236 | 230 | 223 |
| 20°F | 291 | 282 | 276 | 271 | 266 | 261 | 256 | 250 | 243 |
| 16°F | 314 | 305 | 299 | 292 | 287 | 282 | 276 | 270 | 260 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,734
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,449
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,722
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,386
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,193
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,144
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,234
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,063 | 0 | 4 |
| February | 862 | 0 | 10 |
| March | 622 | 2 | 60 |
| April | 274 | 21 | 237 |
| May | 91 | 128 | 505 |
| June | 3 | 316 | 763 |
| July | 0 | 411 | 876 |
| August | 1 | 362 | 826 |
| September | 42 | 168 | 576 |
| October | 266 | 40 | 268 |
| November | 592 | 3 | 62 |
| December | 919 | 0 | 8 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.7 km from Benton. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00117187 (Rend Lake Dam). Public domain.