Huelo Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Haleakala RS 338. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
A freeze (32°F or colder) happens in only 6 percent of years at Haleakala RS 338, so there is no typical freeze season.
- Median at 36°F
- last March 6, first February 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 21 | Apr 3 | Mar 22 | Mar 14 | Mar 6 | Feb 27 | Feb 17 | Feb 8 | Jan 30 |
| 32°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 28°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 24°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Dec 23 | Jan 7 | Jan 15 | Jan 25 | Feb 1 | Feb 9 | Feb 16 | Feb 26 | Mar 15 |
| 32°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 28°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 24°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 365 | 365 | 333 | 319 | 307 | 297 | 285 | 273 | 255 |
| 32°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 28°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 82% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 6% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 0% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 0% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 0% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 0% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,833
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,294
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,476
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,753
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 508
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 62
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 389 | 0 | 96 |
| February | 386 | 0 | 60 |
| March | 422 | 0 | 70 |
| April | 383 | 0 | 83 |
| May | 325 | 1 | 146 |
| June | 251 | 0 | 200 |
| July | 242 | 0 | 223 |
| August | 225 | 0 | 240 |
| September | 261 | 0 | 189 |
| October | 282 | 0 | 184 |
| November | 299 | 0 | 154 |
| December | 369 | 0 | 108 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 16.3 km from Huelo. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00511004 (Haleakala RS 338). Public domain.