Baldwin Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Jackson Whitehouse Nolf. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around February 28 and the first fall freeze around December 3, a growing season of about 280 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last March 16, first November 20
- Median at 32°F
- last February 28, first December 3
- Median at 28°F
- last February 11, first December 27
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 7 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 | Feb 21 |
| 32°F | Mar 23 | Mar 15 | Mar 9 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 | Feb 9 | Jan 30 |
| 28°F | Mar 8 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 17 | Feb 11 | Feb 3 | Jan 28 | Jan 17 | Jan 4 |
| 24°F | Feb 23 | Feb 13 | Feb 4 | Jan 31 | Jan 24 | Jan 17 | Jan 10 | Jan 3 | Dec 24 |
| 20°F | Feb 14 | Feb 4 | Jan 31 | Jan 27 | Jan 20 | Jan 13 | Jan 9 | Jan 2 | Dec 24 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 3 | Dec 11 |
| 32°F | Nov 11 | Nov 19 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 15 | Dec 26 | Jan 7 |
| 28°F | Nov 25 | Dec 1 | Dec 9 | Dec 18 | Dec 27 | Jan 3 | Jan 8 | Jan 18 | Feb 1 |
| 24°F | Dec 2 | Dec 14 | Dec 25 | Jan 1 | Jan 6 | Jan 12 | Jan 20 | Jan 30 | Feb 9 |
| 20°F | Dec 16 | Dec 28 | Jan 2 | Jan 8 | Jan 13 | Jan 21 | Jan 28 | Feb 2 | Feb 10 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 282 | 271 | 263 | 256 | 249 | 243 | 237 | 229 | 219 |
| 32°F | 320 | 305 | 296 | 288 | 280 | 273 | 266 | 258 | 247 |
| 28°F | 365 | 346 | 334 | 326 | 318 | 309 | 300 | 291 | 278 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 355 | 344 | 334 | 326 | 314 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 343 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 99% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 92% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 60% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 20% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 3% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 1,318
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,624
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 10,449
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 8,667
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 6,952
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 5,353
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,897
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 366 | 16 | 189 |
| February | 253 | 28 | 228 |
| March | 159 | 52 | 367 |
| April | 44 | 115 | 521 |
| May | 7 | 278 | 736 |
| June | 0 | 430 | 880 |
| July | 0 | 515 | 980 |
| August | 0 | 510 | 975 |
| September | 0 | 404 | 853 |
| October | 35 | 198 | 628 |
| November | 158 | 50 | 352 |
| December | 296 | 30 | 244 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.3 km from Baldwin. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00063890 (Jackson Whitehouse Nolf). Public domain.