Towaoc Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Cortez Montezuma CO AP. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 27 and the first fall freeze around September 28, a growing season of about 125 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 9, first September 20
- Median at 32°F
- last May 27, first September 28
- Median at 28°F
- last May 8, first October 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 24 | Jun 20 | Jun 16 | Jun 12 | Jun 9 | Jun 6 | Jun 3 | May 31 | May 26 |
| 32°F | Jun 11 | Jun 6 | Jun 2 | May 31 | May 27 | May 23 | May 20 | May 15 | May 9 |
| 28°F | May 31 | May 20 | May 15 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 |
| 24°F | May 10 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 |
| 20°F | Apr 29 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 | Mar 21 |
| 16°F | Apr 10 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 2 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 8 | Sep 12 | Sep 14 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 |
| 32°F | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 10 |
| 28°F | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 21 |
| 24°F | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 |
| 20°F | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 12 |
| 16°F | Oct 22 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 119 | 113 | 108 | 104 | 100 | 97 | 93 | 88 | 82 |
| 32°F | 145 | 139 | 134 | 129 | 125 | 120 | 116 | 111 | 104 |
| 28°F | 169 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 146 | 141 | 136 | 127 |
| 24°F | 195 | 187 | 183 | 178 | 174 | 170 | 165 | 160 | 153 |
| 20°F | 223 | 215 | 209 | 204 | 200 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 178 |
| 16°F | 257 | 248 | 242 | 237 | 231 | 226 | 220 | 214 | 203 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,304
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 488
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,490
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,377
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,432
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,646
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 996
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,156 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 900 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 763 | 0 | 3 |
| April | 542 | 0 | 38 |
| May | 289 | 7 | 207 |
| June | 61 | 74 | 464 |
| July | 2 | 225 | 688 |
| August | 8 | 158 | 615 |
| September | 134 | 25 | 346 |
| October | 496 | 0 | 69 |
| November | 825 | 0 | 2 |
| December | 1,130 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 14.2 km from Towaoc. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00093069 (Cortez Montezuma CO AP). Public domain.