Ellicott Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Ellicott 7S. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 6 and the first fall freeze around October 3, a growing season of about 149 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 19, first September 25
- Median at 32°F
- last May 6, first October 3
- Median at 28°F
- last April 25, first October 12
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 9 | Jun 2 | May 29 | May 24 | May 19 | May 15 | May 12 | May 8 | May 3 |
| 32°F | May 28 | May 19 | May 13 | May 10 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 21 |
| 28°F | May 12 | May 6 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 8 |
| 24°F | May 2 | Apr 26 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 25 |
| 20°F | Apr 21 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 | Mar 13 |
| 16°F | Apr 9 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Feb 28 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 13 | Sep 17 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Sep 29 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 26 |
| 24°F | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 |
| 20°F | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 15 |
| 16°F | Oct 21 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 150 | 143 | 137 | 132 | 127 | 123 | 117 | 111 | 103 |
| 32°F | 168 | 162 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 133 | 126 |
| 28°F | 190 | 183 | 178 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 160 | 155 | 148 |
| 24°F | 213 | 206 | 199 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 180 | 174 | 167 |
| 20°F | 236 | 226 | 221 | 216 | 211 | 206 | 201 | 195 | 188 |
| 16°F | 256 | 247 | 241 | 235 | 230 | 225 | 220 | 213 | 204 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,773
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 581
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,008
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,807
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,769
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,886
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,156
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,071 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 867 | 0 | 8 |
| March | 716 | 0 | 27 |
| April | 462 | 2 | 101 |
| May | 217 | 34 | 306 |
| June | 54 | 94 | 490 |
| July | 7 | 204 | 661 |
| August | 11 | 191 | 644 |
| September | 129 | 52 | 380 |
| October | 450 | 4 | 129 |
| November | 758 | 0 | 20 |
| December | 1,031 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.9 km from Ellicott. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00052668 (Ellicott 7S). Public domain.