Delta Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Delta 3E. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 1 and the first fall freeze around October 7, a growing season of about 159 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 14, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last May 1, first October 7
- Median at 28°F
- last April 19, first October 16
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 29 | May 23 | May 19 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 |
| 32°F | May 14 | May 9 | May 5 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 |
| 28°F | May 3 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 |
| 24°F | Apr 20 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 |
| 20°F | Apr 3 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 |
| 16°F | Mar 20 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 11 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 |
| 32°F | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 |
| 28°F | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 29 |
| 24°F | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 |
| 20°F | Oct 22 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 |
| 16°F | Oct 30 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 155 | 149 | 145 | 142 | 138 | 135 | 131 | 126 | 119 |
| 32°F | 175 | 169 | 166 | 162 | 159 | 155 | 152 | 148 | 142 |
| 28°F | 199 | 192 | 187 | 184 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 161 |
| 24°F | 227 | 218 | 214 | 209 | 205 | 202 | 197 | 192 | 184 |
| 20°F | 255 | 247 | 242 | 238 | 233 | 228 | 223 | 218 | 211 |
| 16°F | 279 | 270 | 265 | 260 | 256 | 252 | 247 | 240 | 232 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,802
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 833
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,298
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,115
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,082
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,194
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,446
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,170 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 855 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 673 | 0 | 22 |
| April | 424 | 1 | 104 |
| May | 186 | 31 | 322 |
| June | 32 | 174 | 593 |
| July | 0 | 321 | 786 |
| August | 2 | 239 | 702 |
| September | 85 | 64 | 432 |
| October | 428 | 2 | 115 |
| November | 797 | 0 | 7 |
| December | 1,150 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 3.8 km from Delta. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00052196 (Delta 3E). Public domain.