Calhan Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Rush 1N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 9 and the first fall freeze around October 4, a growing season of about 146 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 19, first September 25
- Median at 32°F
- last May 9, first October 4
- Median at 28°F
- last April 30, first October 12
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 1 | May 28 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 7 |
| 32°F | May 22 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 9 | May 6 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 29 |
| 28°F | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 |
| 24°F | May 3 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 |
| 20°F | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 23 |
| 16°F | Apr 16 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 | Mar 13 | Mar 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 14 | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Sep 30 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 |
| 24°F | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 20°F | Oct 15 | Oct 20 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 |
| 16°F | Oct 23 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 22 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 145 | 139 | 134 | 130 | 127 | 123 | 119 | 115 | 109 |
| 32°F | 163 | 158 | 153 | 149 | 146 | 143 | 139 | 134 | 127 |
| 28°F | 182 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 164 | 161 | 157 | 153 | 148 |
| 24°F | 202 | 195 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 175 | 170 | 164 |
| 20°F | 225 | 217 | 212 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 194 | 189 | 181 |
| 16°F | 250 | 240 | 233 | 228 | 223 | 218 | 213 | 206 | 199 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,488
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 511
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,526
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,413
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,462
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,661
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,010
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,102 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 949 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 820 | 0 | 12 |
| April | 590 | 1 | 56 |
| May | 312 | 12 | 209 |
| June | 79 | 97 | 470 |
| July | 14 | 203 | 654 |
| August | 24 | 152 | 594 |
| September | 154 | 46 | 355 |
| October | 503 | 1 | 97 |
| November | 837 | 0 | 15 |
| December | 1,103 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 26.2 km from Calhan. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00057287 (Rush 1N). Public domain.