Murphys Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for New Melones Dam Hq. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around February 20 and the first fall freeze around December 11, a growing season of about 290 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 7, first November 24
- Median at 32°F
- last February 20, first December 11
- Median at 28°F
- last January 6, first December 24
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 5 | Apr 22 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 1 | Mar 24 | Mar 12 | Mar 1 |
| 32°F | Apr 7 | Mar 22 | Mar 7 | Feb 28 | Feb 20 | Feb 14 | Feb 6 | Jan 25 | Jan 10 |
| 28°F | Feb 15 | Feb 5 | Jan 26 | Jan 13 | Jan 6 | Dec 31 | Dec 29 | Dec 23 | Dec 16 |
| 24°F | Jan 15 | Dec 31 | Dec 30 | Dec 28 | Dec 25 | Dec 21 | Dec 18 | Dec 16 | Dec 12 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Nov 3 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 |
| 32°F | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 28 | Jan 8 |
| 28°F | Dec 5 | Dec 12 | Dec 17 | Dec 20 | Dec 24 | Dec 28 | Jan 2 | Jan 11 | Feb 1 |
| 24°F | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 18 | Dec 20 | Dec 25 | Dec 27 | Dec 29 | Dec 31 | Jan 5 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 270 | 255 | 244 | 236 | 229 | 223 | 215 | 207 | 194 |
| 32°F | 335 | 319 | 309 | 300 | 290 | 282 | 272 | 258 | 238 |
| 28°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 358 | 352 | 344 | 335 | 320 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 364 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 99% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 60% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 12% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 1% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 0% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,547
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,842
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 8,430
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,679
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 5,108
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,791
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,721
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 535 | 0 | 32 |
| February | 416 | 0 | 63 |
| March | 338 | 2 | 159 |
| April | 231 | 19 | 251 |
| May | 87 | 115 | 494 |
| June | 15 | 292 | 728 |
| July | 0 | 504 | 969 |
| August | 0 | 476 | 941 |
| September | 8 | 321 | 763 |
| October | 74 | 107 | 498 |
| November | 305 | 6 | 177 |
| December | 539 | 0 | 33 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 15 km from Murphys. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00046174 (New Melones Dam Hq). Public domain.