Jackson Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Sutter Hill Cdf. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 4 and the first fall freeze around December 11, a growing season of about 285 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 10, first November 25
- Median at 32°F
- last March 4, first December 11
- Median at 28°F
- last January 10, first December 27
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 4 | Apr 26 | Apr 20 | Apr 15 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 23 | Mar 9 |
| 32°F | Apr 8 | Mar 31 | Mar 21 | Mar 13 | Mar 4 | Feb 20 | Feb 4 | Jan 21 | Jan 6 |
| 28°F | Mar 2 | Feb 2 | Jan 24 | Jan 14 | Jan 10 | Jan 5 | Dec 31 | Dec 26 | Dec 14 |
| 24°F | Jan 13 | Jan 8 | Jan 3 | Dec 31 | Dec 28 | Dec 21 | Dec 18 | Dec 14 | Dec 10 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Nov 1 | Nov 11 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 7 | Dec 12 |
| 32°F | Nov 19 | Nov 27 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 26 | Jan 4 |
| 28°F | Dec 2 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 20 | Dec 27 | Jan 1 | Jan 6 | Jan 12 | Jan 26 |
| 24°F | Dec 9 | Dec 12 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 25 | Dec 29 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 10 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 262 | 249 | 240 | 235 | 228 | 220 | 213 | 205 | 191 |
| 32°F | 343 | 326 | 310 | 296 | 285 | 274 | 262 | 250 | 234 |
| 28°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 357 | 349 | 342 | 333 | 309 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 353 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 99% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 62% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 17% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 1% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 0% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,857
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,431
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,724
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,009
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,486
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,227
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,228
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 558 | 0 | 34 |
| February | 427 | 0 | 62 |
| March | 402 | 0 | 115 |
| April | 286 | 12 | 198 |
| May | 133 | 70 | 404 |
| June | 27 | 221 | 644 |
| July | 2 | 404 | 868 |
| August | 1 | 370 | 834 |
| September | 16 | 259 | 693 |
| October | 99 | 90 | 457 |
| November | 345 | 6 | 149 |
| December | 561 | 0 | 30 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 3.9 km from Jackson. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00048713 (Sutter Hill Cdf). Public domain.