Independence Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Independence. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 31 and the first fall freeze around November 9, a growing season of about 224 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 16, first November 1
- Median at 32°F
- last March 31, first November 9
- Median at 28°F
- last March 6, first November 21
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 9 | May 1 | Apr 26 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 7 | Apr 1 | Mar 24 |
| 32°F | Apr 23 | Apr 16 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 18 | Mar 12 | Mar 4 |
| 28°F | Apr 7 | Mar 29 | Mar 19 | Mar 12 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 26 | Feb 19 | Feb 11 |
| 24°F | Mar 14 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 21 | Feb 14 | Feb 8 | Feb 2 | Jan 23 | Jan 11 |
| 20°F | Feb 22 | Feb 8 | Feb 1 | Jan 25 | Jan 18 | Jan 12 | Jan 7 | Jan 2 | Dec 24 |
| 16°F | Jan 31 | Jan 23 | Jan 14 | Jan 9 | Jan 4 | Dec 31 | Dec 27 | Dec 20 | Dec 13 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 |
| 32°F | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 |
| 28°F | Nov 6 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 |
| 24°F | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 21 |
| 20°F | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 25 | Dec 31 | Jan 10 |
| 16°F | Dec 8 | Dec 13 | Dec 18 | Dec 23 | Dec 28 | Jan 1 | Jan 4 | Jan 10 | Jan 22 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 222 | 212 | 206 | 200 | 196 | 190 | 185 | 178 | 168 |
| 32°F | 253 | 242 | 236 | 229 | 224 | 218 | 212 | 206 | 194 |
| 28°F | 289 | 278 | 270 | 263 | 257 | 250 | 242 | 233 | 224 |
| 24°F | 327 | 316 | 307 | 301 | 293 | 286 | 278 | 268 | 256 |
| 20°F | 361 | 352 | 344 | 337 | 331 | 325 | 317 | 307 | 296 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 364 | 358 | 350 | 342 | 332 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 94% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 55% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,950
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,213
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 8,487
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,870
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 5,436
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 4,194
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,120
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 656 | 0 | 17 |
| February | 497 | 0 | 46 |
| March | 348 | 4 | 170 |
| April | 183 | 33 | 311 |
| May | 58 | 181 | 588 |
| June | 6 | 432 | 876 |
| July | 0 | 609 | 1,074 |
| August | 0 | 555 | 1,020 |
| September | 6 | 320 | 764 |
| October | 103 | 76 | 442 |
| November | 402 | 3 | 119 |
| December | 691 | 0 | 10 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.6 km from Independence. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00044232 (Independence). Public domain.