Eldridge Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Sonoma. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 2 and the first fall freeze around November 27, a growing season of about 270 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 8, first November 8
- Median at 32°F
- last March 2, first November 27
- Median at 28°F
- last January 20, first December 14
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 8 | Apr 3 | Mar 30 | Mar 24 | Mar 14 |
| 32°F | Apr 5 | Mar 23 | Mar 13 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 25 | Feb 17 | Feb 7 | Jan 27 |
| 28°F | Feb 22 | Feb 11 | Feb 1 | Jan 27 | Jan 20 | Jan 12 | Jan 4 | Dec 29 | Dec 20 |
| 24°F | Jan 29 | Jan 16 | Jan 10 | Jan 5 | Jan 1 | Dec 30 | Dec 23 | Dec 16 | Dec 10 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 25 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 26 |
| 32°F | Nov 6 | Nov 12 | Nov 18 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 21 |
| 28°F | Nov 24 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 19 | Dec 27 | Jan 4 | Jan 17 |
| 24°F | Dec 3 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 21 | Dec 28 | Dec 31 | Jan 4 | Jan 10 | Jan 23 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 247 | 234 | 227 | 221 | 214 | 209 | 203 | 197 | 187 |
| 32°F | 310 | 297 | 287 | 278 | 270 | 263 | 254 | 243 | 230 |
| 28°F | 365 | 354 | 346 | 338 | 334 | 325 | 315 | 305 | 292 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 360 | 350 | 338 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 87% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 36% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 2% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 0% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,748
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 581
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,965
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,196
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,608
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,308
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,307
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 536 | 0 | 26 |
| February | 396 | 0 | 67 |
| March | 353 | 1 | 135 |
| April | 256 | 5 | 205 |
| May | 140 | 33 | 359 |
| June | 36 | 97 | 512 |
| July | 6 | 153 | 612 |
| August | 5 | 149 | 609 |
| September | 18 | 108 | 540 |
| October | 112 | 33 | 386 |
| November | 346 | 1 | 131 |
| December | 544 | 0 | 27 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7 km from Eldridge. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00048351 (Sonoma). Public domain.