Byron Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Tracy Pumping Plt. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around January 19 and the first fall freeze around December 10, a growing season of about 330 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last February 21, first November 29
- Median at 32°F
- last January 19, first December 10
- Median at 28°F
- last January 1, first December 22
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Mar 24 | Mar 9 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 | Feb 21 | Feb 13 | Feb 7 | Jan 31 | Jan 22 |
| 32°F | Feb 17 | Feb 6 | Jan 31 | Jan 25 | Jan 19 | Jan 13 | Jan 8 | Jan 2 | Dec 25 |
| 28°F | Jan 22 | Jan 15 | Jan 9 | Jan 5 | Jan 1 | Dec 30 | Dec 26 | Dec 21 | Dec 12 |
| 24°F | Jan 11 | Jan 7 | Jan 4 | Jan 2 | Dec 31 | Dec 28 | Dec 21 | Dec 17 | Dec 13 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Nov 13 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 8 | Dec 13 |
| 32°F | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 7 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 20 | Dec 27 | Jan 7 |
| 28°F | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 14 | Dec 18 | Dec 22 | Dec 26 | Dec 31 | Jan 4 | Jan 10 |
| 24°F | Dec 10 | Dec 17 | Dec 20 | Dec 24 | Dec 30 | Jan 1 | Jan 3 | Jan 6 | Jan 9 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 313 | 303 | 295 | 289 | 283 | 276 | 269 | 261 | 247 |
| 32°F | 358 | 348 | 341 | 335 | 330 | 324 | 317 | 308 | 297 |
| 28°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 361 | 356 | 351 | 345 | 336 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 361 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 94% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 58% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 14% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 0% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 0% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,127
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,598
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 8,602
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,819
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 5,166
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,738
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,550
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 515 | 0 | 38 |
| February | 342 | 0 | 102 |
| March | 245 | 4 | 229 |
| April | 135 | 36 | 352 |
| May | 45 | 129 | 549 |
| June | 6 | 269 | 713 |
| July | 0 | 391 | 856 |
| August | 0 | 378 | 843 |
| September | 2 | 287 | 735 |
| October | 45 | 101 | 521 |
| November | 278 | 4 | 189 |
| December | 513 | 0 | 40 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 9.3 km from Byron. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00049001 (Tracy Pumping Plt). Public domain.