Leupp Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Meteor Crater. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 30 and the first fall freeze around October 23, a growing season of about 174 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 13, first October 13
- Median at 32°F
- last April 30, first October 23
- Median at 28°F
- last April 16, first November 3
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 5 | May 28 | May 22 | May 16 | May 13 | May 8 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 24 |
| 32°F | May 26 | May 16 | May 10 | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 8 |
| 28°F | May 15 | May 3 | Apr 28 | Apr 22 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 | Mar 31 | Mar 21 |
| 24°F | Apr 30 | Apr 21 | Apr 12 | Apr 4 | Mar 28 | Mar 21 | Mar 14 | Mar 8 | Mar 2 |
| 20°F | Apr 11 | Mar 26 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 | Feb 18 | Feb 10 |
| 16°F | Mar 9 | Mar 2 | Feb 25 | Feb 19 | Feb 14 | Feb 9 | Feb 4 | Jan 28 | Jan 18 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 25 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 29 |
| 32°F | Oct 1 | Oct 10 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 |
| 28°F | Oct 14 | Oct 22 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 |
| 24°F | Oct 25 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 |
| 20°F | Nov 7 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 10 |
| 16°F | Nov 18 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 10 | Dec 14 | Dec 18 | Dec 23 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 176 | 168 | 162 | 156 | 152 | 146 | 140 | 133 | 122 |
| 32°F | 199 | 191 | 186 | 180 | 174 | 169 | 162 | 154 | 143 |
| 28°F | 228 | 217 | 210 | 205 | 199 | 192 | 186 | 177 | 166 |
| 24°F | 258 | 248 | 241 | 233 | 226 | 219 | 211 | 203 | 191 |
| 20°F | 292 | 281 | 274 | 266 | 260 | 254 | 246 | 237 | 221 |
| 16°F | 322 | 313 | 305 | 299 | 293 | 286 | 280 | 271 | 257 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,492
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,074
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,195
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,830
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,636
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,619
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,771
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 894 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 683 | 0 | 13 |
| March | 536 | 0 | 52 |
| April | 333 | 5 | 160 |
| May | 164 | 49 | 359 |
| June | 15 | 232 | 667 |
| July | 1 | 341 | 806 |
| August | 3 | 293 | 755 |
| September | 41 | 141 | 551 |
| October | 272 | 13 | 236 |
| November | 624 | 0 | 34 |
| December | 926 | 0 | 2 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 29.1 km from Leupp. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00025494 (Meteor Crater). Public domain.