Big Delta Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Whitestone Farms. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 26 and the first fall freeze around September 2, a growing season of about 98 days.
- Median at 32°F
- last May 26, first September 2
- Median at 28°F
- last May 15, first September 16
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Jun 9 | Jun 3 | May 31 | May 29 | May 26 | May 24 | May 21 | May 18 | May 14 |
| 28°F | May 28 | May 23 | May 19 | May 17 | May 15 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 |
| 24°F | May 17 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 22 |
| 20°F | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 |
| 16°F | May 1 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 12 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Aug 19 | Aug 24 | Aug 28 | Sep 1 | Sep 2 | Sep 5 | Sep 9 | Sep 13 | Sep 18 |
| 28°F | Sep 1 | Sep 3 | Sep 8 | Sep 12 | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 29 |
| 24°F | Sep 12 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 20°F | Sep 19 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 16 |
| 16°F | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 9 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 92 | 85 | 80 | 76 | 72 | 67 | 61 | 55 | 46 |
| 32°F | 118 | 111 | 106 | 103 | 98 | 95 | 91 | 87 | 79 |
| 28°F | 141 | 135 | 131 | 127 | 123 | 120 | 115 | 110 | 102 |
| 24°F | 162 | 156 | 151 | 147 | 143 | 140 | 136 | 131 | 125 |
| 20°F | 177 | 172 | 167 | 163 | 159 | 156 | 152 | 148 | 141 |
| 16°F | 190 | 185 | 180 | 177 | 173 | 169 | 166 | 161 | 155 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 12,900
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 31
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 2,236
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 1,501
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 893
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 433
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 152
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 2,091 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,654 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,573 | 0 | 0 |
| April | 915 | 0 | 2 |
| May | 510 | 0 | 61 |
| June | 198 | 12 | 268 |
| July | 129 | 18 | 354 |
| August | 301 | 1 | 179 |
| September | 599 | 0 | 27 |
| October | 1,204 | 0 | 1 |
| November | 1,738 | 0 | 0 |
| December | 1,989 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 2.3 km from Big Delta. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00509793 (Whitestone Farms). Public domain.