Alert archive / Minnesota / Tornado Watches in 2021

Tornado Watch 504

September 16, 202110 counties in Minnesota

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Sep 16, 2021, 5:57 PM CDT for 10 counties in Minnesota. It was in force for 4 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Sep 16, 2021, 5:57 PM CDT (22:57 UTC)
Expired
Sep 16, 2021, 10:15 PM CDT
In force
4 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
2.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt

Counties Aitkin County, MN, Carlton County, MN, Crow Wing County, MN, Kanabec County, MN, Lake County, MN, Mille Lacs County, MN, Morrison County, MN, Pine County, MN, Saint Louis County, MN, Todd County, MN

The radar

The Duluth radar (KDLH), 97 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:58 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
50%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
50%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
50%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
80%

Warnings issued inside it

11 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 16, 6:03 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDLHAitkin, Crow Wing27 min
Sep 16, 6:16 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDLHSaint Louis27 min
Sep 16, 6:25 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXMorrison35 min
Sep 16, 6:26 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatMPXBenton, Morrison, Stearns49 min
Sep 16, 6:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDLHAitkin, Saint Louis48 min
Sep 16, 6:32 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXMille Lacs, Morrison43 min
Sep 16, 7:07 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXMille Lacs, Morrison23 min
Sep 16, 7:09 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDLHSaint Louis23 min
Sep 16, 7:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXKanabec, Mille Lacs, Morrison45 min
Sep 16, 7:53 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXMille Lacs37 min
Sep 16, 8:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatDLHAitkin, Pine53 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

International Fa, MN (KINL), launched 12:00Z, 11.0 hours before the alert went out and 199 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, International Fa, MN at 12:00Z on 2021-09-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 5 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, International Fa, MN at 12:00Z on 2021-09-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 279 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
5 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-201 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
804 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
279 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
288 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

772 
WWUS20 KWNS 162248
SEL4  
SPC WW 162248
MNZ000-170500-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 504
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
550 PM CDT Thu Sep 16 2021

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Central and northern Minnesota

* Effective this Thursday afternoon from 550 PM until Midnight
  CDT.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Scattered large hail and isolated very large hail events to 2.5
    inches in diameter possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible

SUMMARY...Thunderstorms have developed along/ahead of a cold front
and will continue to intensify for another few hours, offering a
tornado threat, along with damaging gusts and large to very large
hail.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 60 statute miles
east and west of a line from 40 miles south of Brainerd MN to 25
miles north of Ely MN. For a complete depiction of the watch see the
associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU4).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 2.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 550. Mean
storm motion vector 23035.

...Edwards

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 16, 3:47 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAitkin, Anoka, Benton, Carlton, Carver, Cass and 25 more118 min
Sep 16, 6:23 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChippewa, Cottonwood, Jackson, Kandiyohi, Lac qui Parle, Lincoln and 13 more97 min
Sep 16, 6:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBenton, Brown, Chippewa, Cottonwood, Isanti, Kandiyohi and 14 more4 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Minnesota, 2021Every tornado watch in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.