Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Watches in 2021

Tornado Watch 3

January 25, 202131 counties in Alabama; 24 counties in Mississippi; 17 counties in Tennessee

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jan 25, 2021, 5:52 PM CST for 31 counties in Alabama; 24 counties in Mississippi; 17 counties in Tennessee. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jan 25, 2021, 5:52 PM CST (23:52 UTC)
Expired
Jan 26, 2021, 12:47 AM CST
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 72 counties

Bibb County, AL, Blount County, AL, Calhoun County, AL, Cherokee County, AL, Cleburne County, AL, Colbert County, AL, Cullman County, AL, DeKalb County, AL, Etowah County, AL, Fayette County, AL, Franklin County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Jackson County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lamar County, AL, Lauderdale County, AL, Lawrence County, AL, Limestone County, AL, Madison County, AL, Marion County, AL, Marshall County, AL, Morgan County, AL, Pickens County, AL, Shelby County, AL, St. Clair County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Walker County, AL, Winston County, AL, Alcorn County, MS, Attala County, MS, Calhoun County, MS, Chickasaw County, MS, Choctaw County, MS, Clay County, MS, Itawamba County, MS, Kemper County, MS, Leake County, MS, Lee County, MS, Lowndes County, MS, Madison County, MS, Monroe County, MS, Montgomery County, MS, Neshoba County, MS, Noxubee County, MS, Oktibbeha County, MS, Pontotoc County, MS, Prentiss County, MS, Tippah County, MS, Tishomingo County, MS, Union County, MS, Webster County, MS, Winston County, MS, Bedford County, TN, Decatur County, TN, Franklin County, TN, Giles County, TN, Hardin County, TN, Hickman County, TN, Lawrence County, TN, Lewis County, TN, Lincoln County, TN, Marshall County, TN, Maury County, TN, McNairy County, TN, Moore County, TN, Perry County, TN, Rutherford County, TN, Wayne County, TN, Williamson County, TN

The radar

The Columbus AFB radar (KGWX), 25 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:53 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
30%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
10%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

12 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 25, 6:18 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXCannon, Davidson, Maury, Rutherford, Williamson, Wilson42 min
Jan 25, 6:23 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANAttala, Leake, Madison44 min
Jan 25, 6:54 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANNeshoba, Winston55 min
Jan 25, 6:59 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXDickson, Hickman, Maury, Williamson31 min
Jan 25, 7:02 PM CSTTornado WarningJANAttala, Leake, Neshoba, Winston46 min
Jan 25, 7:42 PM CSTTornado WarningJANLowndes, Noxubee47 min
Jan 25, 10:34 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXJefferson26 min
Jan 25, 10:49 PM CSTTornado Warning Tornado observedBMXSt. Clair41 min
Jan 25, 10:52 PM CSTTornado Warning Tornado observedConsiderable damage threatBMXJefferson23 min
Jan 25, 11:04 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXPickens23 min
Jan 25, 11:12 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningJANKemper, Lauderdale, Neshoba, Newton, Scott63 min
Jan 26, 12:08 AM CSTTornado WarningBMXCalhoun, Cherokee, Cleburne24 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 11.9 hours before the alert went out and 158 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-01-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 2 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-01-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 324 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-226 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
467 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
61 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
324 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
351 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

034 
WWUS20 KWNS 252350
SEL3  
SPC WW 252350
ALZ000-MSZ000-TNZ000-260700-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 3
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
550 PM CST Mon Jan 25 2021

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Western and northern Alabama
  East central and northeastern Mississippi
  Much of southern Middle Tennessee

* Effective this Monday afternoon and Tuesday morning from 550 PM
  until 100 AM CST.

* Primary threats include...
  A few tornadoes possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible
  Isolated large hail events to 1.5 inches in diameter possible

SUMMARY...Thunderstorms are expected to intensify gradually this
evening in broken pre-frontal bands from central/northeast
Mississippi into western/northern Alabama and southern Middle
Tennessee.  The storm environment will favor supercells capable of
producing a few tornadoes, damaging gusts, and isolated large hail
into the overnight hours.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 80 statute miles
east and west of a line from 80 miles south southwest of Columbus MS
to 50 miles north of Huntsville AL. For a complete depiction of the
watch see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS WOU3).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 24040.

...Thompson

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 25, 4:49 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCColbert, Franklin, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone and 1 more86 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2021Tornado Watches in Mississippi, 2021Tornado Watches in Tennessee, 2021Every tornado watch in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.