Alert archive / Texas / River Flood Warnings in 2021
River Flood Warning 53, NWS Corpus Christi, TX
NWS Corpus Christi, TX issued this river flood warning at Sep 30, 2021, 7:09 PM CDT for Nueces County, Texas. It took effect at Sep 30, 2021, 8:36 PM CDT. It was in force for 61 hr.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Sep 30, 2021, 7:09 PM CDT (00:09 UTC)
- In effect from
- Sep 30, 2021, 8:36 PM CDT
- Expired
- Oct 3, 2021, 9:27 AM CDT
- In force
- 61 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Corpus Christi, TX
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Flood severity
- Moderate
County Nueces County, TX
The radar
The Corpus Christi radar (KCRP), 6 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 00:12 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
The river
Written for the forecast point Oso Creek near Corpus Christi (OOST2). The gauge peaked at 25.40 ft at Oct 1, 2021, 2:00 PM CDT.
- Action stage
- 11 ft
- Minor stage
- 20 ft
- Moderate stage
- 20 ft
- Major stage
- 25 ft
This gauge today: stage, forecast and historic crests
Stage from the USGS instantaneous record for site 08211520, one reading an hour, from a day before the product to a day after it ended. Flood stages are today's.
The text
As transmitted.
332
WGUS44 KCRP 010009
FLWCRP
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Warning
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
709 PM CDT Thu Sep 30 2021
...The National Weather Service in Corpus Christi TX has issued a
Flood Warning for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Moderate flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Caution is urged when walking near riverbanks.
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
&&
TXC355-011600-
/O.NEW.KCRP.FL.W.0053.211001T0136Z-000000T0000Z/
/OOST2.2.ER.211001T0136Z.211001T0200Z.211001T0620Z.NO/
709 PM CDT Thu Sep 30 2021
The National Weather Service in Corpus Christi has issued a
* Flood Warning for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* From this evening until further notice.
* At 6:15 PM CDT Thursday the stage was 14.7 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The creek will rise above flood stage this evening and
crest between 20 and 21 feet. The creek is forecast to fall below
flood stage Friday morning, but then stay within caution stage
through Friday evening.
* Impact...At 20.0 feet, Moderate lowland flooding occurs, from the
headwaters near Violet Road, or Farm to Market 24, to Oso Bay.
Secondary roads and low bridges near the creek are also flooded.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (7 pm)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 14.7 Thu 6 pm 11.9 8.3 7.0 9.1 7.6
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
CB8 follow-up statements
402
WGUS84 KCRP 010640
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
140 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning continues for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Moderate flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Caution is urged when walking near riverbanks.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
&&
TXC355-012300-
/O.CON.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/
/OOST2.2.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T2200Z.211002T2320Z.NO/
140 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning remains in effect...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until further notice.
* At 1:15 AM CDT Friday the stage was 22.3 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is occurring and moderate flooding is forecast.
* Recent Activity...The maximum river stage in the 24 hours ending
at 1:15 AM CDT Friday was 22.3 feet.
* Forecast...The creek has entered moderate flood tonight. It is
expected to crest Friday afternoon or evening. Continued rainfall
will lead to additional rises or multiple crests through Friday
evening. The creek is forecast to fall below flood stage late
Friday night.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
* Flood History...This crest compares to a previous crest of 23.7
feet on 05/16/2015.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (2 am)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 22.3 Fri 1 am 23.2 17.5 8.9 6.3 5.7
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
LS375
WGUS44 KCRP 011216
FLWCRP
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Warning
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
Issued by National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
716 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...Forecast flooding changed from Moderate to Major severity and
increased in duration for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Major flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Even 6 inches of fast-moving flood water can knock you off your feet
and a depth of 2 feet will float your car. Never try to walk, swim,
or drive through such swift water. If you come upon flood waters,
stop, turn around and go another way.
Caution is urged when walking near riverbanks.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
The next statement will be issued this evening at 1030 PM CDT.
&&
TXC355-020330-
/O.EXT.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T1121Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1600Z.211002T1920Z.NO/
716 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...Forecast flooding increased from Moderate to Major severity and
increased in duration until Sunday morning...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until Sunday morning.
* At 6:15 AM CDT Friday the stage was 23.6 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is occurring and major flooding is forecast.
* Recent Activity...The maximum river stage in the 24 hours ending
at 6:15 AM CDT Friday was 23.6 feet.
* Forecast...The river is expected to rise to a crest of 25.3 feet
late this morning. It will then fall below flood stage early
tomorrow afternoon.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
* Flood History...This crest compares to a previous crest of 25.3
feet on 10/11/1997.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (7 am)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 23.6 Fri 6 am 21.6 15.4 8.5 6.5 5.5
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$273
WGUS84 KCRP 011456
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
956 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning is extended for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Major flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Motorists should not attempt to drive around barricades or drive
cars through flooded areas.
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Caution is urged when walking near riverbanks.
Even 6 inches of fast-moving flood water can knock you off your feet
and a depth of 2 feet will float your car. Never try to walk, swim,
or drive through such swift water. If you come upon flood waters,
stop, turn around and go another way.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
&&
TXC355-020600-
/O.EXT.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T1200Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1600Z.211002T2000Z.NO/
956 AM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning is now in effect until Sunday morning...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until Sunday morning.
* At 9:15 AM CDT Friday the stage was 24.7 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is occurring and major flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The creek is expected to continue to rise to a crest of
around 25.3 feet late this morning. It will then fall below flood
stage late Saturday afternoon.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (10 am)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 24.7 Fri 9 am 21.2 14.8 8.2 6.6 6.0
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
ANM873
WGUS84 KCRP 012005
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
305 PM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning is extended for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Major flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Caution is urged when walking near riverbanks.
Flooding is occurring. Most flood related deaths occur in
automobiles. Do not attempt to cross water covered bridges, dips, or
low water crossings. Never try to cross a flowing stream, even a
small one, on foot. To escape rising water find another route over
higher ground.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
&&
TXC355-021115-
/O.EXT.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T1800Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1845Z.211003T0600Z.NO/
305 PM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning is now in effect until early Sunday afternoon...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until early Sunday afternoon.
* At 2:15 PM CDT Friday the stage was 25.4 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Major flooding is occurring and major flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The creek is starting to crest around 25.4 feet late
this afternoon. The creek is expected to slowly fall through this
tonight, but remain above flood stage. Additional rises may be
possible as additional rainfall is expected through the weekend.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (3 pm)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 25.4 Fri 2 pm 22.4 15.8 10.0 7.5 6.4
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
CB727
WGUS84 KCRP 020208
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
908 PM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning continues for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Moderate flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Motorists should not attempt to drive around barricades or drive
cars through flooded areas.
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
The next statement will be issued Saturday afternoon at 1215 PM CDT.
&&
TXC355-021715-
/O.CON.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T1800Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1845Z.211003T0430Z.NO/
908 PM CDT Fri Oct 1 2021
...The Flood Warning remains in effect...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until early Sunday afternoon.
* At 8:15 PM CDT Friday the stage was 25.0 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Major flooding is occurring and moderate flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The creek is has crested and will slowly fall through
tonight, but remain above flood stage through Saturday. Additional
rises may be possible as additional rainfall is expected through
the weekend.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (9 pm)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 25.0 Fri 8 pm 20.6 14.3 9.3 7.5 6.3
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
CB610
WGUS84 KCRP 021432
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
932 AM CDT Sat Oct 2 2021
...The Flood Warning is extended for the following rivers in Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Moderate flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Motorists should not attempt to drive around barricades or drive
cars through flooded areas.
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
The next statement will be issued late tonight at 1230 AM CDT.
&&
TXC355-030545-
/O.EXT.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T2140Z/
/OOST2.2.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1845Z.211003T0540Z.NO/
932 AM CDT Sat Oct 2 2021
...The Flood Warning is now in effect until tomorrow afternoon...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until tomorrow afternoon.
* At 9:15 AM CDT Saturday the stage was 23.2 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is occurring and moderate flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The creek has crested and will continue a slow fall to
below flood stage just after midnight tonight.
* Impact...At 20.0 feet, Moderate lowland flooding occurs, from the
headwaters near Violet Road, or Farm to Market 24, to Oso Bay.
Secondary roads and low bridges near the creek are also flooded.
* Impact...At 25.0 feet, Major flooding reaches the approaches to
the Farm to Market 763 bridge. Numerous outbuildings and barns are
surrounded, and flow approaches apartment buildings below Farm to
Market 763. Kings Crossing Golf Course is at least 1/2 flooded.
Water is within 3 feet of some homes. Water flows across Oso
Parkway Road at 2 low areas in the extreme south portion of the
Lakes Subdivision.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (9 am)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 23.2 Sat 9 am 17.8 11.2 8.3 6.9 6.0
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
EMF074
WGUS84 KCRP 030146
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
846 PM CDT Sat Oct 2 2021
...The Flood Warning is extended for the following river in Texas...
Oso Creek near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
For the Oso Creek...including Corpus Christi...Moderate flooding is
forecast.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.
Additional information is available at www.weather.gov/crp.
&&
TXC355-031600-
/O.EXT.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1845Z.211003T0800Z.NO/
846 PM CDT Sat Oct 2 2021
...The Flood Warning remains in effect...
The Flood Warning continues for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* Until further notice.
* At 8:15 PM CDT, Saturday the stage was 21.0 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Moderate flooding is occurring and moderate flooding is forecast.
* Forecast...The river will continue to fall, dropping below flood
stage early Sunday morning, and below caution stage around Tuesday
afternoon.
* Impact...At 20.0 feet, moderate lowland flooding occurs, from the
headwaters near Violet Road, or Farm to Market 24, to Oso Bay.
Secondary roads and low bridges near the creek are also flooded.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (9 pm)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 21.0 Sat 8 pm 16.8 13.2 10.5 9.0 7.8
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$308
WGUS84 KCRP 031427
FLSCRP
Flood Statement
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
927 AM CDT Sun Oct 3 2021
...The Flood Warning is cancelled for the following rivers in
Texas...
Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi affecting Nueces County.
TXC355-031530-
/O.CAN.KCRP.FL.W.0053.000000T0000Z-211003T1427Z/
/OOST2.3.ER.211001T0222Z.211001T1845Z.211003T0545Z.NO/
927 AM CDT Sun Oct 3 2021
...The Flood Warning for the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi has been
cancelled...
The Flood Warning is cancelled for
the Oso Creek Near Corpus Christi.
* At 9:15 AM CDT Sunday the stage was 17.5 feet.
* Flood stage is 20.0 feet.
* Forecast...The creek will continue to slowly fall through the week.
&&
Below are the latest river stages and stage forecasts:
Fld Observed Forecasts (9 am)
Location Stg Stg Day/Time Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
Oso Creek
Corpus Christ 20.0 17.5 Sun 9 am 14.4 12.2 10.7 9.6 8.9
&&
LAT...LON 2778 9774 2785 9769 2771 9741 2773 9736
2769 9726 2760 9737
$$
PHThe office that day
Everything else NWS Corpus Christi, TX issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 30, 7:20 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Webb | 25 min |
| Oct 1, 2:21 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Bee | 24 min |
| Oct 1, 2:26 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Nueces | 34 min |
| Oct 1, 3:07 AM CDT | Flood Watch | CRP | Jim Wells, Kleberg, Nueces, San Patricio | 6 min |
| Oct 1, 3:17 AM CDT | Flash Flood Watch | CRP | Jim Wells, Kleberg, Nueces, San Patricio | 36 hr |
| Oct 1, 3:27 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Refugio | 33 min |
| Oct 1, 4:07 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 38 min | |
| Oct 1, 4:17 AM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | CRP | Bee, Refugio, San Patricio | 118 min |
| Oct 1, 4:27 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Aransas, Refugio | 33 min |
| Oct 1, 4:41 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | San Patricio | 34 min |
| Oct 1, 4:56 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 12 min | |
| Oct 1, 5:26 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Nueces, San Patricio | 49 min |
| Oct 1, 5:31 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 59 min | |
| Oct 1, 5:32 AM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | CRP | Kleberg, Nueces, San Patricio | 4 hr |
| Oct 1, 6:06 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 24 min | |
| Oct 1, 6:21 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | CRP | Nueces, San Patricio | 39 min |
| Oct 1, 6:26 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 34 min | |
| Oct 1, 6:31 AM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | CRP | Aransas, Bee, Live Oak, Nueces, Refugio, San Patricio | 3 hr |
| Oct 1, 6:42 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 33 min | |
| Oct 1, 6:48 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | CRP | Jim Wells, Nueces, San Patricio | 3 hr |
| Oct 1, 7:15 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 30 min | |
| Oct 1, 8:44 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | CRP | Jim Wells, Nueces, San Patricio | 13 hr |
| Oct 1, 8:49 AM CDT | River Flood Warning | CRP | Nueces, San Patricio | 12 hr |
| Oct 1, 8:59 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 46 min | |
| Oct 1, 9:21 AM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | CRP | Aransas, Kleberg, Nueces, San Patricio | 5 hr |
| Oct 1, 9:46 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | CRP | Bee, Jim Wells, Live Oak, San Patricio | 98 min |
| Oct 1, 10:24 AM CDT | Special Marine Warning | CRP | 51 min | |
| Oct 1, 10:38 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | CRP | Kleberg | 3 hr |
Nearby
River Flood Warnings in Texas, 2021Every river flood warning in 2021
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive; the gauge from the NWS water service and the USGS.