Alert archive / Texas / Flash Flood Warnings in 2007
Flash Flood Warning 488, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this flash flood warning at Mar 13, 2007, 6:01 PM CDT for 25 counties in Texas. It was in force for 4 hr. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Mar 13, 2007, 6:01 PM CDT (23:01 UTC)
- Expired
- Mar 13, 2007, 10:00 PM CDT
- In force
- 4 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
- Area
- Counties, with a storm outline in the text
All 25 counties
Atascosa County, TX, Bandera County, TX, Bastrop County, TX, Bexar County, TX, Blanco County, TX, Burnet County, TX, Caldwell County, TX, Comal County, TX, DeWitt County, TX, Fayette County, TX, Frio County, TX, Gillespie County, TX, Gonzales County, TX, Guadalupe County, TX, Hays County, TX, Karnes County, TX, Kendall County, TX, Kerr County, TX, Lavaca County, TX, Lee County, TX, Llano County, TX, Medina County, TX, Travis County, TX, Williamson County, TX, Wilson County, TX
The radar
The Austin/San Antonio radar (KEWX), 45 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:05 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 13, 8:21 PM CDT | FLASH FLOOD | Goliad, TX | WATER ON HWY 59 WEST |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
The nearest sounding before it
Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), launched 12:00Z, 11.0 hours before the alert went out and 252 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 418 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -134 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 595 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 34 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 101 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 111 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 1.5
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000
WGUS54 KEWX 132307
FFWEWX
TXC013-019-021-029-031-053-055-091-123-149-163-171-177-187-209-255-
259-265-285-287-299-325-453-491-493-140300-
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
FLASH FLOOD WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
601 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN AUSTIN SAN ANTONIO HAS ISSUED A
* FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...
BURNET
LLANO
WILLIAMSON
TRAVIS
LEE
GILLESPIE
BLANCO
BASTROP
HAYS
KERR
FAYETTE
KENDALL
CALDWELL
COMAL
BANDERA
GUADALUPE
GONZALES
BEXAR
MEDINA
LAVACA
WILSON
DEWITT
ATASCOSA
FRIO
KARNES
* UNTIL 1000 PM CDT
* AT 555 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATES
WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE WARNED COUNTIES
MOVING NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH. THE GROUND IS ALREADY SATURATED
FROM PREVIOUS RAINS AND ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN
RAPID RUNOFF AND CONTINUED FLASH FLOODING.
* LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE ALL CITIES ALONG AND EAST OF
A LINE FROM CASTELL TO BANDERA AND DILLEY. THIS INCLUDES THE
MAJOR METROPOLITAN AREAS OF SAN ANTONIO AND AUSTIN.
WHEN WATER COVERS THE ROAD...TURN AROUND DONT DROWN. THE LIFE YOU
SAVE MAY BE YOUR OWN.
IT IS HARD TO RECOGNIZE THE DANGERS OF FLOODING AT NIGHT. IF FLOOD
WATERS RISE ACT QUICKLY. DO NOT STAY IN FLOOD PRONE AREAS.
LAT...LON 3103 9906 2865 9923 2847 9772 2877 9707
2932 9648 2999 9640 3046 9681 3091 9718
3110 9784
$$5 follow-up statements
000
WGUS74 KEWX 140003
FFSEWX
FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
656 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
TXC013-019-021-029-031-053-055-091-123-149-163-171-177-187-209-255-
259-265-285-287-299-325-453-491-493-140300-
BURNET TX-LLANO TX-WILLIAMSON TX-TRAVIS TX-LEE TX-GILLESPIE TX-
BLANCO TX-BASTROP TX-HAYS TX-KERR TX-FAYETTE TX-KENDALL TX-
CALDWELL TX-COMAL TX-BANDERA TX-GUADALUPE TX-GONZALES TX-BEXAR TX-
MEDINA TX-LAVACA TX-WILSON TX-DEWITT TX-ATASCOSA TX-FRIO TX-KARNES TX-
656 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR
KARNES...FRIO...ATASCOSA...DEWITT...WILSON...LAVACA...MEDINA...
BEXAR...GONZALES...GUADALUPE...BANDERA...COMAL...CALDWELL...
KENDALL...FAYETTE...KERR...HAYS...BASTROP...BLANCO...GILLESPIE...
LEE...TRAVIS...WILLIAMSON...LLANO AND BURNET COUNTIES...
AT 649 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUED TO
INDICATE WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING HEAVY RAINFALL
ALONG AND EAST OF A LINE FROM LAMPASAS TO BOERNE TO PEARSALL.
MOVEMENT IS NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH.
ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN RAPID RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING.
RAINFALL TOTALS OF 2 TO 4 INCHES WERE ESTIMATED BY DOPPLER RADAR
OVER THE PAST THREE HOURS ACROSS ATASCOSA...WILSON...DEWITT AND
LAVACA COUNTIES.
PLEASE CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR TXDOT FOR
THE LATEST INFORMATION ON ROAD CLOSURES.
IT IS HARD TO RECOGNIZE THE DANGERS OF FLOODING AT NIGHT. IF FLOOD
WATERS RISE ACT QUICKLY. DO NOT STAY IN FLOOD PRONE AREAS.
REPORT FLASH FLOODING TO THE NEAREST LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY FOR RELAY
TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.
LAT...LON 3103 9906 2865 9923 2847 9772 2877 9707
2932 9648 2999 9640 3046 9681 3091 9718
3110 9784
$$000
WGUS74 KEWX 140055
FFSEWX
FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
747 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
TXC013-019-021-029-031-053-055-091-123-149-163-171-177-187-209-255-
259-265-285-287-299-325-453-491-493-140300-
BURNET TX-LLANO TX-WILLIAMSON TX-TRAVIS TX-LEE TX-GILLESPIE TX-
BLANCO TX-BASTROP TX-HAYS TX-KERR TX-FAYETTE TX-KENDALL TX-
CALDWELL TX-COMAL TX-BANDERA TX-GUADALUPE TX-GONZALES TX-BEXAR TX-
MEDINA TX-LAVACA TX-WILSON TX-DEWITT TX-ATASCOSA TX-FRIO TX-KARNES TX-
747 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR
KARNES...FRIO...ATASCOSA...DEWITT...WILSON...LAVACA...MEDINA...
BEXAR...GONZALES...GUADALUPE...BANDERA...COMAL...CALDWELL...
KENDALL...FAYETTE...KERR...HAYS...BASTROP...BLANCO...GILLESPIE...
LEE...TRAVIS...WILLIAMSON...LLANO AND BURNET COUNTIES...
AT 738 PM CDT...WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING MODERATE
TO VERY HEAVY RAIN CONTINUED EAST OF A LINE FROM FLORENCE TO LEON SPRINGS
TO DILLEY. MOVEMENT WAS NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH.
DUE TO SATURATED GROUNDS ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN RAPID
RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING. ALTHOUGH RAINS HAVE ENDED IN SOME LOCATIONS
RUNOFF FROM EARLIER RAINS WILL CONTINUE THE THREAT OF FLASH FLOODING.
RAINFALL TOTALS OF 2 TO 4 INCHES WERE ESTIMATED BY DOPPLER RADAR
OVER THE PAST THREE HOURS SOUTH OF A LINE FROM LYTLE TO LA VERNIA
TO SPEAKS.
PLEASE CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR TXDOT FOR
THE LATEST INFORMATION ON ROAD CLOSURES.
WHEN WATER COVERS THE ROAD...TURN AROUND DONT DROWN. THE LIFE YOU
SAVE MAY BE YOUR OWN.
LAT...LON 3103 9906 2865 9923 2847 9772 2877 9707
2932 9648 2999 9640 3046 9681 3091 9718
3110 9784
$$000
WGUS74 KEWX 140117
FFSEWX
FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
813 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
TXC019-031-053-171-259-265-299-140123-
BURNET TX-LLANO TX-GILLESPIE TX-BLANCO TX-KERR TX-KENDALL TX-
BANDERA TX-
813 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED FOR BANDERA...
KENDALL...KERR...BLANCO...GILLESPIE...LLANO AND BURNET COUNTIES...
SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL HAS ENDED FOR NOW...HOWEVER RUNOFF WILL KEEP CREEKS
AND STREAMS NEAR BANKFULL FOR A COUPLE OF MORE HOURS.
LAT...LON 3075 9728 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2864 9921 2938 9923
2951 9876 2977 9862 3004 9830 3092 9783
$$
TXC013-021-029-055-091-123-149-163-177-187-209-255-285-287-325-453-
491-493-140300-
WILLIAMSON TX-TRAVIS TX-LEE TX-BASTROP TX-HAYS TX-FAYETTE TX-
CALDWELL TX-COMAL TX-GUADALUPE TX-GONZALES TX-BEXAR TX-MEDINA TX-
LAVACA TX-WILSON TX-DEWITT TX-ATASCOSA TX-FRIO TX-KARNES TX-
813 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR
KARNES...FRIO...ATASCOSA...DEWITT...WILSON...LAVACA...MEDINA...
BEXAR...GONZALES...GUADALUPE...COMAL...CALDWELL...FAYETTE...HAYS...
BASTROP...LEE...TRAVIS AND WILLIAMSON COUNTIES...
AT 807 PM CDT...WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING MODERATE
TO VERY HEAVY RAIN CONTINUED EAST OF A LINE FROM JARRELL TO SAN ANTONIO
TO DILLEY. MOVEMENT WAS NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH.
DUE TO SATURATED GROUNDS ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN RAPID
RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING. ALTHOUGH RAINS HAVE ENDED IN SOME LOCATIONS
RUNOFF FROM EARLIER RAINS WILL CONTINUE THE THREAT OF FLASH FLOODING.
RAINFALL TOTALS OF 2 TO 4 INCHES WERE ESTIMATED BY DOPPLER RADAR
OVER THE PAST THREE HOURS SOUTH OF A LINE FROM LYTLE TO LA VERNIA
TO SPEAKS.
WHEN WATER COVERS THE ROAD...TURN AROUND DONT DROWN. THE LIFE YOU
SAVE MAY BE YOUR OWN.
LAT...LON 3075 9728 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2864 9921 2938 9923
2951 9876 2977 9862 3004 9830 3092 9783
$$000
WGUS74 KEWX 140138
FFSEWX
FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
834 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
TXC163-325-140144-
MEDINA TX-FRIO TX-
834 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED FOR FRIO AND MEDINA
COUNTIES...
SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL HAS ENDED FOR NOW...HOWEVER RUNOFF WILL KEEP CREEKS
AND STREAMS NEAR BANKFULL FOR A COUPLE OF MORE HOURS.
LAT...LON 3075 9728 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2866 9876 2934 9872
2951 9876 2977 9862 3004 9830 3092 9783
$$
TXC013-021-029-055-091-123-149-177-187-209-255-285-287-453-491-493-
140300-
WILLIAMSON TX-TRAVIS TX-LEE TX-BASTROP TX-HAYS TX-FAYETTE TX-
CALDWELL TX-COMAL TX-GUADALUPE TX-GONZALES TX-BEXAR TX-LAVACA TX-
WILSON TX-DEWITT TX-ATASCOSA TX-KARNES TX-
834 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR
KARNES...ATASCOSA...DEWITT...WILSON...LAVACA...BEXAR...GONZALES...
GUADALUPE...COMAL...CALDWELL...FAYETTE...HAYS...BASTROP...LEE...
TRAVIS AND WILLIAMSON COUNTIES...
AT 832 PM CDT...WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING MODERATE
TO VERY HEAVY RAIN CONTINUED EAST OF A LINE FROM GRANGER TO ELMENDORF
TO HINDES. MOVEMENT WAS EAST NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH.
DUE TO SATURATED GROUNDS ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN RAPID
RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING. ALTHOUGH RAINS HAVE ENDED IN SOME LOCATIONS
RUNOFF FROM EARLIER RAINS WILL CONTINUE THE THREAT OF FLASH FLOODING.
RAINFALL TOTALS OF 2 TO 4 INCHES WERE ESTIMATED BY DOPPLER RADAR
OVER THE PAST THREE HOURS SOUTH OF A LINE FROM LYTLE TO LA VERNIA
TO SPEAKS.
WHEN WATER COVERS THE ROAD...TURN AROUND DONT DROWN. THE LIFE YOU
SAVE MAY BE YOUR OWN.
LAT...LON 3075 9728 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2866 9876 2934 9872
2951 9876 2977 9862 3004 9830 3092 9783
$$000
WGUS74 KEWX 140203
FFSEWX
FLASH FLOOD STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN/SAN ANTONIO TX
859 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
TXC029-091-209-453-491-140209-
WILLIAMSON TX-TRAVIS TX-HAYS TX-COMAL TX-BEXAR TX-
859 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED FOR BEXAR...COMAL...
HAYS...TRAVIS AND WILLIAMSON COUNTIES...
SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL HAS ENDED FOR NOW...HOWEVER RUNOFF WILL KEEP CREEKS
AND STREAMS NEAR BANKFULL FOR A COUPLE OF MORE HOURS.
LAT...LON 3046 9715 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2866 9876 2911 9841
2939 9814 2978 9793 3002 9765 3037 9737
$$
TXC013-021-055-123-149-177-187-255-285-287-493-140300-
LEE TX-BASTROP TX-FAYETTE TX-CALDWELL TX-GUADALUPE TX-GONZALES TX-
LAVACA TX-WILSON TX-DEWITT TX-ATASCOSA TX-KARNES TX-
859 PM CDT TUE MAR 13 2007
...A FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM CDT FOR
KARNES...ATASCOSA...DEWITT...WILSON...LAVACA...GONZALES...
GUADALUPE...CALDWELL...FAYETTE...BASTROP AND LEE COUNTIES...
AT 856 PM CDT...WIDESPREAD SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCING MODERATE
TO VERY HEAVY RAIN CONTINUED EAST OF A LINE FROM LEXINGTON TO SEGUIN
TO HINDES. MOVEMENT WAS EAST NORTHEAST AT 20 TO 30 MPH.
DUE TO SATURATED GROUNDS ANY ADDITIONAL RAINFALL WILL RESULT IN RAPID
RUNOFF AND FLASH FLOODING. ALTHOUGH RAINS HAVE ENDED IN SOME LOCATIONS
RUNOFF FROM EARLIER RAINS WILL CONTINUE THE THREAT OF FLASH FLOODING.
RAINFALL TOTALS OF 1 TO 3 INCHES WERE ESTIMATED BY DOPPLER RADAR
OVER THE PAST THREE HOURS SOUTH OF A LINE FROM LYTLE TO LA VERNIA
TO SPEAKS.
PLEASE CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR TXDOT FOR
THE LATEST INFORMATION ON ROAD CLOSURES.
WHEN WATER COVERS THE ROAD...TURN AROUND DONT DROWN. THE LIFE YOU
SAVE MAY BE YOUR OWN.
LAT...LON 3046 9715 3048 9716 3054 9692 3027 9669
3017 9680 3015 9666 2997 9658 2964 9689
2936 9658 2925 9668 2867 9779 2869 9801
2879 9810 2862 9834 2866 9876 2911 9841
2939 9814 2978 9793 3002 9765 3037 9737
$$The office that day
Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 12, 9:14 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Atascosa | 16 min |
| Mar 12, 9:29 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Medina | 16 min |
| Mar 12, 9:34 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Gonzales | 3 hr |
| Mar 12, 9:44 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Atascosa | 27 min |
| Mar 12, 9:49 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Medina | 26 min |
| Mar 12, 9:51 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Wilson | 114 min |
| Mar 12, 10:16 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Bandera | 29 min |
| Mar 13, 12:39 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Bexar | 2 hr |
| Mar 13, 4:04 AM CDT | Flash Flood Watch | EWX | Atascosa, Bandera, Bastrop, Bexar, Blanco, Burnet and 19 more | 24 hr |
| Mar 13, 11:11 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Atascosa, Bexar, Wilson | 3 hr |
| Mar 13, 11:28 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Atascosa | 32 min |
| Mar 13, 11:53 AM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | DeWitt, Gonzales | 6 hr |
| Mar 13, 11:59 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Atascosa | 31 min |
| Mar 13, 12:11 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Frio | 34 min |
| Mar 13, 12:28 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Karnes | 6 hr |
| Mar 13, 12:49 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Comal, Guadalupe | 5 hr |
| Mar 13, 1:04 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Caldwell, Hays | 5 hr |
| Mar 13, 1:12 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Kendall | 33 min |
| Mar 13, 1:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Gillespie, Kendall | 33 min |
| Mar 13, 1:58 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Bastrop, Fayette, Lavaca, Lee, Travis, Williamson | 4 hr |
| Mar 13, 2:03 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Llano | 12 min |
| Mar 13, 2:07 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Burnet | 23 min |
| Mar 13, 2:11 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Atascosa, Bexar, Frio, Medina, Wilson | 4 hr |
| Mar 13, 2:14 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | DeWitt | 46 min |
| Mar 13, 2:38 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Gillespie, Kendall, Kerr | 3 hr |
| Mar 13, 2:38 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | EWX | Blanco, Burnet, Gillespie, Kendall, Kerr, Llano | 3 hr |
| Mar 13, 4:10 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | DeWitt, Karnes | 50 min |
| Mar 13, 5:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Atascosa, Karnes, Wilson | 33 min |
| Mar 13, 6:11 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Karnes | 64 min |
| Mar 13, 6:52 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | DeWitt | 23 min |
Nearby
Flash Flood Warnings in Texas, 2007Every flash flood warning in 2007
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.