Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Warnings in 1996

Tornado Warning 89, NWS Birmingham, AL

September 16, 1996Dallas County, Alabama

NWS Birmingham, AL issued this tornado warning at Sep 16, 1996, 6:39 PM CDT for Dallas County, Alabama. It was in force for 36 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Sep 16, 1996, 6:39 PM CDT (23:39 UTC)
Expired
Sep 16, 1996, 7:15 PM CDT
In force
36 min
Issued by
NWS Birmingham, AL
Area
Whole counties

County Dallas County, AL

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 99 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:42 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Sep 16, 7:00 PM CDTThunderstorm Wind 50Selma, AL

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 11.7 hours before the alert went out and 100 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 1996-09-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 776 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 1996-09-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 278 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
776 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-5 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
573 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
278 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
319 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.0
Supercell composite
6.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KBHM 162340
TORBHM
ALC047-170015-
 
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
639 PM CDT MON SEP 16 1996
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  715 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION...
 
IN CENTRAL ALABAMA
 
   ...SOUTHERN DALLAS COUNTY
 
AT 638 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR SHOWED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM OVER
THE EXTREME SOUTH DALLAS COUNTY NEAR HIGHWAY 41 AND 89. RADAR INDICATED
THAT A TORNADO IS LIKELY ASSOCIATED WITH THIS STORMS. THE STORM WAS
MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 30 MPH.
 
THIS WARNING UPGRADES THE PREIVOUS WARNING FOR DALLAS COUNTY.
 
THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM SITUATION.  ACT QUICKLY.  IF YOU ARE
IN THE PATH OF THIS TORNADO MOVE TO A SHELTER BELOW GROUND IF
AVAILABLE.  OTHERWISE...GO TO A SMALL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST
FLOOR POSSIBLE.  AVOID WINDOWS.  ABANDON CARS AND MOBILE HOMES
FOR A REINFORCED BUILDING OR GET INTO A DITCH OR CULVERT.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Sep 16, 12:41 PM CDT, 5 hours 58 minutes before
ALZ001>057-161835-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1235 PM CDT MON SEP 16 1996

TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 1020 FOR MUCH OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN ALABAMA
HAS BEEN CANCELLED.  A NEW TORNADO WATCH #1022 IS NOW IN EFFECT FOR MUCH
OF EAST AND EAST-CENTRAL SECTIONS UNTIL 800 PM.  THIS NEW WATCH IS
EAST OF A LINE FROM CALHOUN COUNTY TO TALLADEGA TO CHILTON
TO DALLAS TO WILCOX COUNTIES AND NORTH OF A LINE FROM BUTLER TO CRENSHAW
TO PIKE TO BARBOUR COUNTIES.
Special weather statement, Sep 16, 4:15 PM CDT, 2 hours 24 minutes before
ALZ001>057-170200-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
413 PM CDT MON SEP 16 1996

TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 1022 FOR MUCH OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN ALABAMA
HAS BEEN REPLACED WITH A NEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 1024 UNTIL 900 PM
CDT. BELOW IS A LISTING OF COUNTIES INCLUDED IN SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH
NUMBER 1023 AND 1024.  BOTH ARE IN EFFECT UNTIL 900 PM CDT.

NORTH           WEST CENTRAL    CENTRAL         EAST CENTRAL
SOUTHWEST

SOME CITIES INCLUDED IN THE WATCH ARE...

ANNISTON        ASHLAND         ATHENS          BIRMINGHAM
BUTLER          CAMDEN          CARROLLTON      CENTRE
CENTREVILLE     CLANTON         COLUMBIANA      CULLMAN
DADEVILLE       DECATUR         DOUBLE SPRINGS  EUTAW
FAYETTE         FLORENCE        FORT PAYNE      GADSDEN
GREENSBORO      GREENVILLE      GROVE HILL      GUNTERSVILLE
HAMILTON        HAYNEVILLE      HEFLIN          HUNTSVILLE
JASPER          LINDEN          LIVINGSTON      LUVERNE
MARION          MONTGOMERY      MOULTON         MUSCLE SHOALS
ONEONTA         PELL CITY       PRATTVILLE      ROCKFORD
RUSSELLVILLE    SCOTTSBORO      SELMA           TALLADEGA
TUSCALOOSA      VERNON          WEDOWEE         WETUMPKA

IN ALABAMA THIS WATCH INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

ALC077-033-059-079-083-089-103-095-071-049-093-133-043-009-055-019-
170200-
...NORTH...
LAUDERDALE      COLBERT         FRANKLIN        LAWRENCE
LIMESTONE       MADISON         MORGAN          MARSHALL
JACKSON         DEKALB          MARION          WINSTON
CULLMAN         BLOUNT          ETOWAH          CHEROKEE

ALC075-057-107-125-119-063-065-091-170200-
...WEST CENTRAL...
LAMAR           FAYETTE         PICKENS         TUSCALOOSA
SUMTER          GREENE          HALE            MARENGO

ALC127-073-117-115-121-105-007-021-037-047-001-085-051-101-170200-
...CENTRAL...
WALKER          JEFFERSON       SHELBY          ST. CLAIR
TALLADEGA       PERRY           BIBB            CHILTON
COOSA           DALLAS          AUTAUGA         LOWNDES
ELMORE          MONTGOMERY

ALC015-029-027-111-123-170200-
...EAST CENTRAL...
CALHOUN         CLEBURNE        CLAY            RANDOLPH
TALLAPOOSA

ALC023-025-131-013-041-170200-
...SOUTHWEST...
CHOCTAW         CLARKE          WILCOX          BUTLER
CRENSHAW

The office that day

Everything else NWS Birmingham, AL issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 16, 6:45 AM CDTTornado WarningBMXLamar45 min
Sep 16, 7:08 AM CDTTornado WarningBMXMarion52 min
Sep 16, 7:40 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMorgan65 min
Sep 16, 7:47 AM CDTTornado WarningBMXWinston43 min
Sep 16, 8:14 AM CDTTornado WarningBMXLimestone46 min
Sep 16, 8:18 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCullman57 min
Sep 16, 8:27 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMadison63 min
Sep 16, 9:00 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMorgan45 min
Sep 16, 9:40 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMarshall65 min
Sep 16, 9:49 AM CDTTornado WarningBMXMarshall56 min
Sep 16, 9:59 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXJackson61 min
Sep 16, 10:11 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXDeKalb64 min
Sep 16, 2:40 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFranklin65 min
Sep 16, 2:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMarion47 min
Sep 16, 2:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXColbert68 min
Sep 16, 3:12 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLauderdale, Lawrence63 min
Sep 16, 3:53 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXSumter37 min
Sep 16, 4:05 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLimestone55 min
Sep 16, 4:22 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXBibb38 min
Sep 16, 4:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCullman48 min
Sep 16, 4:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMadison69 min
Sep 16, 4:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMarshall, Morgan63 min
Sep 16, 4:50 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXChilton40 min
Sep 16, 5:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBlount43 min
Sep 16, 5:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFranklin69 min
Sep 16, 5:09 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningBMXCullman2 hr
Sep 16, 5:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXDeKalb61 min
Sep 16, 5:29 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXBlount31 min
Sep 16, 5:31 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXChilton29 min
Sep 16, 5:34 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXDallas, Marengo, Perry41 min
Sep 16, 5:47 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXSt. Clair58 min
Sep 16, 6:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga45 min
Sep 16, 6:01 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXCoosa, Elmore44 min
Sep 16, 6:05 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCherokee40 min
Sep 16, 6:12 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXDallas33 min
Sep 16, 6:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXEtowah30 min
Sep 16, 6:16 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXCalhoun44 min
Sep 16, 6:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLowndes41 min
Sep 16, 6:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMontgomery55 min
Sep 16, 6:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga31 min
Sep 16, 6:45 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCoosa, Elmore45 min
Sep 16, 6:54 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXLowndes36 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Alabama, 1996Every tornado warning in 1996Tornadoes in 1996

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.