Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Warnings in 1996

Tornado Warning 69, NWS Birmingham, AL

April 20, 1996Jefferson County, Alabama

NWS Birmingham, AL issued this tornado warning at Apr 20, 1996, 11:11 PM CDT for Jefferson County, Alabama. It was in force for 34 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Apr 20, 1996, 11:11 PM CDT (04:11 UTC)
Expired
Apr 20, 1996, 11:45 PM CDT
In force
34 min
Issued by
NWS Birmingham, AL
Area
Whole counties

County Jefferson County, AL

The radar

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 44 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 04:12 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Apr 20, 11:27 PM CDTThunderstorm Wind 50Graysville, AL

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 00:00Z, 4.2 hours before the alert went out and 43 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 1996-04-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1416 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 1996-04-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 270 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1416 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-57 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
837 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
270 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
358 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
12.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KBHM 210412
TORBHM
ALC073-210445-
 
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1111 PM CDT SAT APR 20 1996
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 1145 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION...
 
IN CENTRAL ALABAMA
 
   ...JEFFERSON COUNTY
 
AT 1109 PM CDT...ALABAMA POWER REPORTED A LOCK OUT ON POWER LINES OVER
WESTERN JEFFERSON COUNTY. THIS MEANS THAT A TORNADO IS LIKELY OCCURRING.
THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING EAST AT 45 TO 50 MPH. THIS WARNING
REPLACES THE PREVIOUS WARNING.
 
THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM SITUATION.  ACT QUICKLY.  IF YOU ARE
IN THE PATH OF THIS TORNADO MOVE TO A SHELTER BELOW GROU|ND IF
AVAILABLE.  OTHERWISE...GO TO A SMALL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST
FLOOR POSSIBLE.  AVOID WINDOWS.  ABANDON CARS AND MOBILE HOMES
FOR A REINFORCED BUILDING OR GET INTO A DITCH OR CULVERT.
 
 
 
&

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 20, 9:06 PM CDT, 2 hours 5 minutes before
ALZ040>045-047-054-210245-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
905 PM CDT SAT APR 20 1996

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS CLEARED THE FOLLOWING
COUNTIES FROM
SEVERE STORM WATCH NUMBER 206:

WILCOX...DALLAS...AUTAGA...LOWNDES...ELMORE...MONTGOMERY...MACON...
AND LEE.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Birmingham, AL issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 20, 7:07 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXJefferson53 min
Apr 20, 7:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLamar62 min
Apr 20, 7:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXWalker61 min
Apr 20, 7:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBlount53 min
Apr 20, 7:59 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette46 min
Apr 20, 8:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXEtowah47 min
Apr 20, 8:32 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLamar, Pickens58 min
Apr 20, 9:31 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette59 min
Apr 20, 9:33 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLamar, Pickens57 min
Apr 20, 9:47 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXFayette43 min
Apr 20, 10:11 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXWalker49 min
Apr 20, 10:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXTuscaloosa58 min
Apr 20, 10:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMadison62 min
Apr 20, 10:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXFayette30 min
Apr 20, 10:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXJefferson66 min
Apr 20, 10:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCullman48 min
Apr 20, 10:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBlount66 min
Apr 20, 10:58 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXCullman47 min
Apr 20, 11:07 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXShelby68 min
Apr 20, 11:20 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXSt. Clair40 min
Apr 20, 11:33 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXBlount42 min
Apr 20, 11:37 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXEtowah53 min
Apr 20, 11:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMarshall58 min
Apr 20, 11:57 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCalhoun48 min
Apr 21, 8:41 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXMorgan64 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Alabama, 1996Every tornado warning in 1996Tornadoes in 1996

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.