Alert archive / Oklahoma / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1995

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 39, NWS Tulsa, OK

April 16, 1995Osage County, Pawnee County, Oklahoma

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 16, 1995, 4:30 PM CDT for Osage County, Pawnee County, Oklahoma. It was in force for 45 min.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Apr 16, 1995, 4:30 PM CDT (21:30 UTC)
Expired
Apr 16, 1995, 5:15 PM CDT
In force
45 min
Issued by
NWS Tulsa, OK
Area
Whole counties

Counties Osage County, OK, Pawnee County, OK

The radar

The Tulsa radar (KINX), 94 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:34 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Norman, OK (KOUN), launched 12:00Z, 9.5 hours before the alert went out and 159 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1995-04-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 892 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Norman, OK at 12:00Z on 1995-04-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 207 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
892 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-37 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
622 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
207 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
145 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.5
Supercell composite
2.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KTUL 162132
SVRTUL
OKC113-117-162215-
 
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
430 PM CDT SUN APR 16 1995
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  515 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS...
 
IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
 
   ...SOUTHERN OSAGE COUNTY...WESTERN PAWNEE COUNTY
 
AT 430 PM A SEVERE THUNDERSTOM WAS CENTERED JUST WEST OF THE CITY OF
PAWNEE. THE STORM WAS NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH. THE COMMUNITIES OF PAWNEE AND
SKEDEE ARE IN THE PATH OF THE STORM.
 
 
HAIL TO THE SIZE OF NICKLES AND WIND GUSTS TO 60 MPH CAN BE EXPECTED
IN THE WARNED AREA.
 
DURING THE STORM MOVE INDOORS AND STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS.
TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM LIGHTNING DO NOT USE THE TELEPHONE
OR HAND HELD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES...UNLESS IN AN EMERGENCY.
MOTORISTS SHOULD BE ALERT FOR WATER ON ROADWAYS AND NEVER
DRIVE ONTO A FLOODED ROAD.
 
A TORNADO WATCH IS ALSO IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA.  REMEMBER...
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY DO PRODUCE TORNADOES WITH
LITTLE OR NO ADVANCE WARNING.  REMAIN CALM BUT BE ALERT TO RAPIDLY
CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS.
 
KEEP TUNED TO THIS STATION FOR THE LATEST WEATHER BULLETINS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 16, 3:41 PM CDT, 49 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 16, 3:41 PM CDT, 49 minutes before
EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
340 PM CDT SUN APR 16 1995

NOT MUCH TIME FOR DISCUSSION WITH SEVERE WEATHER MOVING INTO THE NW
PART OF THE FCST AREA. LIKED THE ETA MODEL THE BEST WITH THE MORE SRN
TRACK OF THE SFC LOW AND IT MAY EVEN GO FURTHER SOUTH THAN THE ETA
INITIALLY. POSITION BY 48 HOURS IS PROBABLY CLOSE THOUGH. WEAK SFC LOW
NEAR EMP AT 20Z WILL MOVE OFF TO THE EAST THIS EVENING AND ALLOW THE
COLD FRONT TO DROP DOWN INTO NE OK OVERNIGHT. PROBLEM IS IN DETERMINING
HOW FAR SOUTH THIS FRONT WILL GO BEFORE STALLING EARLY MONDAY. BEST
GUESS NOW IS NEAR TULSA. WILL GO LIKELY POPS IN NE OK TONIGHT AND TAPER
DOWN TO JUST 20% IN EXTREME SE OK.

FRONT WILL MOVE BACK NORTH AS A WARM FRONT MONDAY AS UPPER SYSTEM MOVES
OUT OF THE ROCKIES IN THE WRN PLAINS. DRYLINE WILL MOVE INTO CENTRAL OK
BY AFTERNOON AND PACIFIC COLD FRONT WILL MERGE WITH THE DRYLINE MONDAY
NIGHT AND SWEEP ACROSS ALL OF ERN OK BY EARLY TUESDAY. GUIDANCE POPS
TOO LOW AS WIDESPREAD TSTMS EXPECTED IN THE VERY JUICY AIR EAST OF THE
DRYLINE. A SQUALL LINE IS ALSO LIKELY TO DEVELOP RIGHT ALONG THE
DRYLINE SO WILL HAVE LIKELY TO CATEGORICAL POPS MONDAY AND LIKELY POPS
MONDAY NIGHT EXCEPT IN THE FAR WRN ZONES WHERE THE DRYLINE WILL BE
CLOSE BY 00Z.

WILL KEEP A SLIGHT CHANCE OF EARLY MORNING SHOWERS AND TSTMS IN FAR SE
OK TUESDAY BUT OTHERWISE TUESDAY LOOKS MOSTLY SUNNY AND MILD ALBEIT A
BIT ON THE WINDY SIDE.

GUIDANCE TEMPS LOOK REASONABLE EXCEPT SEEM MUCH TOO WARM FOR MINS
MONDAY NIGHT.

TUL 62/75/45/73  6950   FSM 64/78/48/77  3761   MLC 67/78/46/76  3850
BVO 58/73/42/72  6940   FYV 62/77/44/72  586-   IDB 65/78/50/79  2662
BYV 61/77/45/72  4861

.TUL...NONE.

PLATE

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 16, 1:17 PM CDT, 3 hours 13 minutes before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-029-OKZ054>077-171200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
115 PM CDT SUN APR 16 1995

THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS TONIGHT FOR
NORTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA AND THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF ARKANSAS. THE
RISK AREA IS ALONG AND NORTH OF A LINE FROM BRISTOW TO TAHLEQUAH
TO FAYETTEVILLE. THE RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER WILL INCREASE MONDAY.

EARLY THIS AFTERNOON A SURFACE FRONT WAS LOCATED FROM JUST SOUTH OF
EMPORIA KANSAS TO A WEAK SURFACE LOW NORTH OF WICHITA. THE FRONT
THEN EXTENDED SOUTHWEST ACROSS NORTHWEST OKLAHOMA. SOUTH OF THE
FRONT THE ATMOSPHERE IS UNSTABLE...BUT A WARM LAYER OF AIR BETWEEN
5000 AND 10000 FEET IS PROVIDING A CAP FOR THUNDERSTORM
DEVELOPMENT. EXTENSIVE CLOUD COVER WILL MINIMIZE HEATING TODAY.
THUS THUNDERSTORMS ARE NOT EXPECTED TO FORM THIS AFTERNOON.

THE FRONT IS EXPECTED TO SLOWLY MOVE SOUTHWARD OVERNIGHT AND BE
LOCATED ACROSS NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND EXTREME NORTHWEST ARKANSAS BY
MORNING. THIS AREA IS WHERE THE CAP IS WEAKEST. CONVERGENCE ALONG
THE FRONT COMBINED WITH WEAK UPPER LEVEL DISTURBANCES MOVING
THROUGH SOUTHWEST FLOW ALOFT MAY RESULT IN THUNDERSTORMS FORMING
TONIGHT...MAINLY AFTER MIDNIGHT. THUNDERSTORMS MAY BECOME SEVERE
WITH LARGE HAIL BEING THE PRIMARY THREAT.

A BETTER CHANCE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS...INCLUDING THE POTENTIAL
FOR TORNADOES...WILL OCCUR MONDAY. A STRONG UPPER LEVEL SYSTEM IS
FORECAST TO MOVE INTO THE PLAINS PUSHING A DRYLINE EASTWARD ACROSS
OKLAHOMA DURING THE DAY. WITH PLENTY OF MOISTURE AND INSTABILITY
ALREADY IN PLACE...AND AN INCREASINGLY FAVORABLE WIND PROFILE...
MONDAY AND MONDAY NIGHT COULD BE VERY ACTIVE FOR SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTER GROUPS IN THE RISK AREA
SHOULD MONITOR THE LATEST WEATHER INFORMATION AND BE PREPARED FOR
POSSIBLE ACTIVATION TONIGHT. CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCIES AND STORM
SPOTTER GROUPS ACROSS EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS
SHOULD LISTEN FOR LATER FORECASTS AND THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOKS AND BE
PREPARED FOR POSSIBLE ACTIVATION MONDAY.
Special weather statement, Apr 16, 2:30 PM CDT, 2 hours before
ARZ001-002-010-011-019-029-OKZ054>077-171200-

EASTERN OKLAHOMA/NORTHWEST ARKANSAS THUNDERSTORM OUTLOOK...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
230 PM CDT SUN APR 16 1995

...UPDATE...

THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING. THE RISK AREA IS
WEST OF A LINE FROM SOUTH COFFEYVILLE IN NOWATA COUNTY TO MILFAY IN
CREEK COUNTY. A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT  FOR OSAGE...PAWNEE...
WASHINGTON...NOWATA AND CREEK COUNTIES UNTIL 900 PM.

A WEAKENING CAP AND A WEAK DISTURBANCE IN THE MID LEVELS COMBINED
WITH A FRONT STRETCHING FROM WESTERN OKLAHOMA TO SOUTH CENTRAL
KANSAS HAS RESULTED IN THE RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF THUNDERSTORMS THIS
AFTERNOON ACROSS WESTERN OKLAHOMA...SEVERAL OF WHICH HAVE BEEN
SEVERE. THESE STORMS WERE MOVING NORTHEAST AND MAY AFFECT PARTS OF
NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING IN AREAS TO THE NORTH
AND WEST OF TULSA. LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS ARE POSSIBLE WITH
THESE STORMS. THERE IS ALSO THE POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
TORNADOES.

CIVIL DEFENSE AGENCIES AND STORM SPOTTER GROUPS IN THE TORNADO
WATCH AREA SHOULD BE ACTIVATING NOW.

THERE IS ALSO A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDEdRSTORMS TONIGHT FOR
NORTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA AND THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF ARKANSAS NORTH OF
A LINE FROM BRISTOW TO TAHLEQUAH TO FAYETTEVILLE.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 16, 3:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAOsage58 min
Apr 16, 4:09 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAOsage51 min
Apr 16, 4:38 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAWashington22 min
Apr 16, 5:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSAOsage52 min
Apr 16, 5:39 PM CDTTornado WarningTSAOsage36 min
Apr 16, 5:53 PM CDTTornado WarningTSAWashington37 min
Apr 16, 6:11 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTSARogers49 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Oklahoma, 1995Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1995

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.