Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1991
Tornado Warning 2, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this tornado warning at Jan 14, 1991, 6:57 PM CST for Gonzales County, Texas. It was in force for 63 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Jan 14, 1991, 6:57 PM CST (00:57 UTC)
- Expired
- Jan 14, 1991, 8:00 PM CST
- In force
- 63 min
- Issued by
- NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
- Area
- Whole counties
County Gonzales County, TX
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 14, 7:25 PM CST | Hail 1 | Gonzales, TX |
NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.
The nearest sounding before it
Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), launched 00:00Z, 1.0 hours before the alert went out and 193 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1267 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -36 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 767 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 57 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 308 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 396 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 2.5
- Supercell composite
- 10.5
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000
TTAA00 KSAT 150057
TORSAT
TXC177-150200-
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
657 PM CST MON JAN 14 1991
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SAN ANTONIO HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 800 PM CST
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTY...
IN SOUTH TEXAS
...GONZALES
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADAR HAS INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO IN A
THUNDERSTORM THAT IS MOVING INTO GONZALES COUNTY FROM THE SOUTHWEST.
THIS STORM WAS LOCATED JUST SOUTHWEST OF NIXON AT 655 PM AND WAS
MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 20 MPH.
A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM IN THE SEGUIN AREA HAS ALREADY PRODUCED 3/4 INCH
HAIL. LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS ARE ALSO POSSIBLE WITH THIS
THUNDERSTORM MOVING TOWARD THE CITY OF GONZALES.
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF THIS STORM...GO TO A BASEMENT SHELTER OR A
CENTRAL INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF YOUR HOME OR BUILDING.
ABANDON CARS AND MOBILE HOMES FOR A REINFORCED BUILDING.X
YOU SHOULD ASK THE NEAREST LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY TO RELAY YOUR
SEVERE WEATHER REPORTS TO THE LOCAL NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE.What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
In the hours before
Special weather statement, Jan 14, 5:15 PM CST, 1 hour 42 minutes before
TXZ036-038>041-150300- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO, TX 515 PM CST MON JAN 14 1991 ...TORNADO WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM TONIGHT FOR MUCH OF SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST TEXAS... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WATCH VALID UNTIL 11 PM TONIGHT FOR AN AREA FROM NEAR COLLEGE STATION TO AUSTIN TO HONDO TO TILDEN TO CORPUS CHRISTI AND EASTWARD INTO SOUTHEAST TEXAS. INCLUDED IN THE SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS PORTION OF THE WATCH ARE THE ABOVE CITIES AS WELL AS THE SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN AREA. THE THREAT OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS HAS DEVELOPED AS STRONG LOW LEVEL WINDS FROM THE GULF HAVE CONTINUED TO BRING VERY WARM AIR AND PLENTY OF MOISTURE INTO SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST TEXAS. THIS WARM...MOIST AIR WILL SERVE AS THE FUEL FOR THE THUNDERSTORMS. THE FEATURE THAT WILL CAUSE THE THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP IS AN UPPER LEVEL DISTURBANCE CURRENTLY LOCATED NEAR IN SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO. IT WILL MOVE SLOWLY SOUTHEASTWARD TONIGHT IN THE DIRECTION OF SOUTH TEXAS. A COLD FRONT THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DISTURBANCE WILL MOVE INTO SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS TONIGHT AND INTO SOUTHEAST AND DEEP SOUTH TEXAS TUESDAY MORNING. AS THIS FRONT CROSSES THE AREA...THE THREAT OF SEVERE WEATHER WILL END. SOUTH CENTRAL TEXANS SHOULD MONITOR A RELIABLE SOURCE OF WEATHER INFORMATION THROUGH THIS EVENING WHILE THE THREAT OF SEVERE STORMS EXISTS.
Special weather statement, Jan 14, 6:17 PM CST, 40 minutes before
TXZ036-038>041-150300- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO, TX 616 PM CST MON JAN 14 1991 ...A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM TONIGHT FOR MUCH OF SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST TEXAS... A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM TONIGHT FOR AN AREA FROM NEAR COLLEGE STATION TO AUSTIN TO HONDO TO TILDEN TO CORPUS CHRISTI AND EASTWARD INTO SOUTHEAST TEXAS. INCLUDED IN THE SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS PORTION OF THE WATCH ARE THE ABOVE CITIES AS WELL AS THE SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN AREA. AT 610 PM THIS EVENING...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR INDICATED AN AREA OF SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS FROM AUSTIN TO FLORESVILLE TO VICTORIA. VERY HEAVY RAINFALL WAS INDICATED IN SOME OF THE THUNDERSTORMS. THE AREA WAS MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 20 MPH. ANOTHER AREA OF SCATTERED SHOWERS AND A FEW THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED FROM NEAR JUNCTION TO EAGLE PASS TO DEL RIO. THIS AREA CONTAINED ONLY ISOLATED HEAVY RAINFALL AND WAS MOVING TO THE NORTHEAST AT 25 MPH. AN APPROACHING UPPER LEVEL DISTURBANCE OVER SOUTHEAST NEW MEXICO AND VERY STRONG LOW LEVEL WINDS FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO HAVE PRODUCED THE THREAT OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND ISOLATED TORNADOES IN THE WATCH AREA. A COLD FRONT LOCATED JUST WEST OF A LINE FROM SAN ANGELO TO DEL RIO WILL MOVE EASTWARD ACROSS SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS LATER TONIGHT...ENDING THE THREAT OF SEVERE WEATHER. THE BEST SAFETY RULE TO REMEMBER WHEN TORNADOES THREATEN IS TO REMAIN INDOORS IN A STURDY HOUSE OR BUILDING. MOVE TO THE LOWEST FLOOR AND STAY AWAY FROM DOORS...GLASS AND WINDOWS. MOST HOMES HAVE A SMALL CENTRAL CLOSET...HALLWAY OR BATHROOM THAT WOULD MAKE A VERY GOOD TORNADO SHELTER. CARS AND TRUCKS ARE VERY EASILY OVERTURNED IN A TORNADO AND PROVIDE NO PROTECTION AT ALL. IF YOU THINK A TORNADO MAY BE APPROACHING AND ARE IN A VEHICLE...GET TO A NEARBY SHELTER. IF NONE IS AVAILABLE...LEAVE THE VEHICLE AND CROUCH LOW IN A LOW AREA SUCH AS A DITCH OR CULVERT. PROTECT YOUR HEAD WITH HANDS AND ARMS TO PREVENT INJURY FROM FLYING DEBRIS. REMEMBER...IN MANY SEVERE WEATHER EVENTS...MOBILE HOMES ARE TORN APART BY THE SEVERE WINDS. THEY DO NOT PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION FROM A TORNADO. IF A TORNADO THREATENS...YOU SHOULD MOVE QUICKLY TO A STURDY HOUSE OR BUILDING AND STAY THERE UNTIL THE THREAT IS OVER. SECONDS CAN SAVE LIVES...REMEMBER THE SAFETY RULES AND KNOW HOW YOU WILL USE THEM BEFORE YOU HAVE TO MAKE THAT DECISION!
The office that day
Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 14, 6:13 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Caldwell | 47 min |
| Jan 14, 6:34 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Travis, Williamson | 56 min |
| Jan 14, 6:39 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Guadalupe | 66 min |
| Jan 14, 7:05 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Caldwell | 40 min |
| Jan 14, 7:21 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Bastrop | 54 min |
| Jan 14, 7:54 PM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Guadalupe | 51 min |
| Jan 15, 1:15 AM CST | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | EWX | Milam | 60 min |
Nearby
Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.