Tornadoes · United States · Wisconsin · 2019

EF0 tornado, Weyerhaeuser to Bruce, Wisconsin, July 4, 2019

From Weyerhaeuser to Bruce, this EF0 tornado ran 7.6 miles across Rusk County on July 4, 2019, touching down at 5:39 PM CDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
July 4, 2019
Touchdown
5:39 PM CDT (22:39 UTC)
Lifted
5:53 PM CDT (22:53 UTC)
On the ground
14 minutes
Path length
7.6 miles (12.2 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$500,000
County
Rusk County
Touchdown point
45.317, -91.346
Lift-off point
45.361, -91.203
Record number
1907041639-01

The damage survey

32 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS MPX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 85 mph.

  • eastern edge had trees to the north.
  • trees snapped 30 feet up and tossed
  • 541 texted, then 547 had just hit
  • smaller tree on roof facing north

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

Several strong thunderstorms developed during the afternoon along the leading edge of a mesoscale convective system that formed earlier in the day across the Dakotas, and moved eastward across central Minnesota, and into west central Wisconsin. Most of the storms were non-severe with locally heavy rainfall reported. Storms that moved across eastern Minnesota during the afternoon, intensified in west central Wisconsin, west of Rusk County. These storms produced a nearly 8 mile tornado track from near Fireside Lake, northeast to just east of the Flambeau River. Numerous trees were uprooted along this track with several of the trees landing on cabins. No injuries were reported.

A NWS Storm Survey indicated that an EF0 tornado touched down on the west side of Fireside Lake, on Mud Lake Road. This tornado tracked approximately 7.6 miles northeast, before lifting on the east side of the Flambeau River, west of Sheep Camp Road. The tornado was on the ground for 14 minutes with a path width of 100 yards, and a maximum wind speed of 85 mph. Numerous trees were blown down or uprooted along the path. A few trees blew down on lake cabins causing considerable damage. No injuries occurred with this event.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:06 UTC23:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:58 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 12:00Z

10.7 hours before the tornado, 190 km from the path. July 4, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2019-07-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 352 joules per kilogram, CIN -103, lifted condensation level 1017 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2019-07-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 61 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 21 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
352 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-103 J/kg
Surface CAPE
758 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1017 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
61 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
31 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 00:00Z

1.3 hours after it, 190 km from the path. July 5, 2019.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2019-07-05Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 46 joules per kilogram, CIN -90, lifted condensation level 1107 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2019-07-05The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -7 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 12 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
46 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-90 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1315 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1107 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-7 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
81 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The La Crosse radar (KARX), 169 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:37 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:39 UTCTORNADO8 Sse WeyerhaeuserRusk, WIA NWS STORM SURVEY INDICATED THAT AN EF0 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN ON THE WEST SIDE OF FIRESIDE LAKE, ON MUD LAKE ROAD. THE TORNADO TRACKED APPROXIMATELY 7.7 MILES NORTHEAST, BEFORE LIFTING ON THE EAST SIDE OF THE FLAMBEAU RI
22:50 UTCTORNADO8 S BruceRusk, WIDELAYED REPORT, TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR. TREES & POWER LINES DOWN OVER LAKE PULASKI ROAD.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2019 tornado in WisconsinEvery tornado in Wisconsin since 1950Warnings in force in Wisconsin nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of July 4, 2019

6 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 44:46 PM MDTUnratedPlatte, WY0.010
July 45:16 PM MDTUnratedPlatte, WY2.0200
July 48:17 PM MDTEF1Pennington, SD1.7250
July 48:21 PM MDTEF1Pennington, SD0.3200
July 48:29 PM MDTEF1Pennington, SD1.2200
July 410:41 PM MDTEF0Phillips, CO0.025

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.