Tornadoes · United States · Wisconsin · 2008
EF0 tornado, Fall River to South Randolph, Wisconsin, June 7, 2008
From Fall River to South Randolph, this EF0 tornado ran 2.2 miles across Dodge and Columbia counties on June 7, 2008, touching down at 3:05 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.
The rating scale
Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.
EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado
Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.
EF186 to 110 mph
Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.
EF2111 to 135 mph
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.
EF3136 to 165 mph
Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.
EF4166 to 200 mph
Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.
EF5over 200 mph
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.
Unrated
The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.
The record
- Rating
- EF0
- Date
- June 7, 2008
- Touchdown
- 3:05 PM CDT (20:05 UTC)
- Lifted
- 3:09 PM CDT (20:09 UTC)
- On the ground
- 4 minutes
- Path length
- 2.2 miles (3.5 km)
- Path width
- 25 yards (23 m)
- Deaths
- 0
- Injuries
- 0
- Counties
- Dodge and Columbia counties
- Touchdown point
- 43.414, -89.018
- Lift-off point
- 43.402, -88.978
- Record number
- 0806071405-01
What the Weather Service recorded
A slow-moving surface boundary, nearly parallel with the mid-level flow affected southern Wisconsin during the period of June 7th through June 9th. A strengthening low-level jet and strong moisture advection produced several rounds of thunderstorms during the period in the vicinity of this boundary. The atmosphere was very moist with precipitable water values around 2 inches. Low to mid-level wind flow supported training of flood-producing thunderstorms. There was sufficient vertical wind shear to allow for supercell development that resulted in 10 tornadoes spinning up in south-central and southeast Wisconsin on June 7th. A weak cool front pushed through southern Wisconsin late on the 8th/early on the 9th, finally ending the heavy rainfall.||During the evening of June 7th, several roads near STH 89 south of Columbus were washed out. STH 16 east of Columbus closed on June 8th due to high waters. A state-of-emergency was declared in Milwaukee County the evening of June 7th due to widespread flash flooding, and Milwaukee Mitchell Field was close for several hours due to high water levels.
This weak tornado started in Columbia County, northeast of the village of Fall River near the county line, just northwest of the intersection of Raven Road and Hemling Road. It moved southeastward and crossed into Dodge County where a creek crosses the county line just southeast of Paul Road. Minor tree damage was noted in Columbia County. The starting and ending locations for the Columbia County segment, with respect to lat/long pairs of numbers, were 43.41413/-89.01782 and 43.41086/-89.00504. DI#27 (TH), DOD2. Wind speeds estimated at 65 mph. Average path width was about 15 yards.
This weak Dodge County tornado started in Columbia County, northeast of Fall River near the county line. It moved southeast and entered Dodge County where a creek crosses the county line about 1/2 mile north-northwest of the intersection of STH 73 and CTH D. This tornado resulted in only minor tree damage in Dodge County. The starting and ending locations for the Dodge County segment, with respect to lat/long pairs of numbers, were 43.41086/-89.00504 and 43.40230/-88.97749. DI#27 (TH), DOD2. Wind speeds estimated at 65 mph. Average path width was about 15 yards.
This tornado started in Columbia County about 6 miles southeast of Cambria, or about 3 miles south of Randolph, or about 1/3 mile west of the intersection of CTH CD and Court Road. This tornado crossed into Dodge County where Beaver Creek crosses the county line Only minor tree damage was noted in Columbia County. The starting and ending locations for the Columbia County segment, with respect to lat/long pairs of numbers, were 43.49298/-89.01509 and 43.49473/-89.00625. DI#28 (TS), DOD2. Wind speeds estimated at 75 mph. Average path width was about 15 yards.
This Dodge County tornado started in Columbia County, about 6 miles southeast of Cambria, and crossed into Dodge County where Beaver Creek crosses the county line. It moved east-northeast to point where CTH FW makes its closest approach to Rakes Bay. It then dissipated over the middle of Rakes Bay. In Dodge County, a home was damaged, a barn was severely damaged, and the top part of a silo was knocked off. Many large trees were uprooted and branched broken off. Also, some corn and soybean fields were damaged. The starting and ending locations for the Dodge County segment, with respect to lat/long pairs of numbers, were 43.49473/-89.00625 and 43.50617/-88.96057. DI#1 (SBO), DOD5. Wind speeds estimated at 95 mph. Average path width of the Dodge County segment was about 50 yards.
From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.
The warnings
28 minutes of warning. NWS MKX issued a tornado warning for this county at 19:37 UTC, 28 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 20:30 UTC.
The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 17:18 UTC and running to 00:46 UTC.
| Issued (UTC) | Expired | Product | Office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17:18 UTC | 00:46 UTC | Tornado Watch | MKX |
| 18:23 UTC | 19:30 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 18:33 UTC | 22:30 UTC | Flash Flood Warning | MKX |
| 18:45 UTC | 19:45 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 19:30 UTC | 23:30 UTC | Flash Flood Warning | MKX |
| 19:37 UTC | 20:30 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 19:45 UTC | 20:45 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 20:37 UTC | 21:30 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 21:31 UTC | 22:11 UTC | Tornado Warning | MKX |
| 21:58 UTC | 22:29 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MKX |
| 22:30 UTC | 07:30 UTC | Flash Flood Warning | MKX |
| 22:39 UTC | 08:57 UTC | Flash Flood Watch | MKX |
| 00:14 UTC | 01:15 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MKX |
| 00:46 UTC | 04:48 UTC | Tornado Watch | MKX |
| 01:09 UTC | 01:45 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MKX |
| 01:15 UTC | 04:15 UTC | Flash Flood Warning | MKX |
| 01:59 UTC | 02:37 UTC | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MKX |
| 04:09 UTC | 07:15 UTC | Flash Flood Warning | MKX |
Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.
The forecast that day
The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.15 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 20:01 UTC.
SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.
The air that afternoon
The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.
Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), 12:00Z
8.1 hours before the tornado, 139 km from the path. June 7, 2008.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -245 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1417 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 59 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 22 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 197 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 231 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 4.9 K/km
Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), 00:00Z
3.9 hours after it, 139 km from the path. June 8, 2008.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 200 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -298 J/kg
- Surface CAPE
- 158 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1722 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 57 kt
- 0-1 km bulk shear
- 17 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 98 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 217 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 2.5
- 0-3 km lapse rate
- 5.8 K/km
The surface observations
Juneau (UNU), 24 km from the path, in the two hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Temp (°F) | Dew point (°F) | Wind | Gust (kt) | Pressure (mb) | Weather |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18:16 UTC | 82.4 | 75.2 | 180° 14 kt | 1010.2 | ||
| 18:36 UTC | 82.4 | 75.2 | 170° 12 kt | 21 | 1009.1 | VCTS |
| 18:56 UTC | 80.6 | 75.2 | 160° 15 kt | 1008.8 | ||
| 19:19 UTC | 80.6 | 75.2 | 160° 14 kt | 19 | 1008.5 | |
| 19:36 UTC | 80.6 | 75.2 | 150° 12 kt | 16 | 1007.8 | VCTS |
| 19:56 UTC | 80.6 | 75.2 | 140° 10 kt | 15 | 1008.1 | VCTS |
| 20:16 UTC | 80.6 | 70° 5 kt | 1009.8 | -TSRA |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.
The radar
The Milwaukee radar (KMKX), 61 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 20:04 UTC.
Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track
Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.
What was reported nearby
Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.
| Time (UTC) | Report | Where | County | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18:59 UTC | TORNADO 1 | 6 Wsw Endeavor | Marquette, WI | EF1 TORNADO WITH 90 MPH WINDS. LIKELY STARTED IN ADAMS COUNTY AND CROSSED INTO MARQUETTE COUNTY 2.5 NORTH OF BRIGGSVILLE. TORNADO CONTINUED EAST-SOUTHEAST 2.5 MILES AND ENDED 2 MILES NORTHEAST OF BRIGGSVILLE NEAR WHERE H |
| 19:10 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | 2 S Endeavor | Marquette, WI | A FEW TREES AND TREE BRANCHES REPORTED DOWN IN THE SOUTHWEST PART OF THE COUNTY NEAR BRIGGSVILLE AND ENDEAVOR. POWER LINES ALSO REPORTED DOWN. |
| 19:20 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | Portage | Columbia, WI | CALLS STILL COMING IN TO POLICE DEPARTMENT...BUT TREES WERE BLOWN DOWN AND SOME FLOODING WAS ALSO REPORTED. THE DEGREE OF FLOODING IS UNKNOWN. |
| 19:20 UTC | TSTM WND GST 65 | 1 W Portage | Columbia, WI | HEAVY RAINS...WITH POOLING WATER ON ROADS |
| 19:22 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | 2 N Portage | Columbia, WI | TREES COMING DOWN AND ESTIMATED 60 MPH WINDS ALL ALONG INTERSTATE 39 FROM PORTAGE TO THE MARQUETTE-COLUMBIA COUNTY LINE. |
| 19:23 UTC | HAIL 0.25 | Marquette | Green Lake, WI | ALSO TORRENTIAL DOWNPOUR |
| 19:32 UTC | TORNADO 2 | 1 Ese Pardeeville | Columbia, WI | *** 5 INJ *** BEGINNING OF TORNADO TRACK OF 8 MILES FROM 232 PM TO 250 PM CDT. TRACK ENDED 3 MILES SOUTH OF CAMBRIA. BROAD AREA OF DAMAGE ABOUT 2 MILES WIDE AT TIMES WITH ESTIMATED SPEEDS OF 60 TO 90 MILES. HOWEVER...SEV |
| 19:35 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | 4 N Rio | Columbia, WI | *** 1 INJ *** EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REPORTED ONE INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH SOME VARIETY OF THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE NORTH OF RIO AT A CAMPGROUND. IT IS UNKNOWN WHETHER OR NOT THIS IS RELATED TO A TORNADO AT THIS TIME. |
| 19:35 UTC | TORNADO | 3 Sw Wyocena | Columbia, WI | A ROOF OFF A HOME ON DUNNING ROAD. ALSO MULTIPLE REPORTS OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IN THE PORTAGE TO PARDEEVILLE AREAS...STRETCHING NORTHWEST TO THE WISCONSIN DELLS. IT IS UNKNOWN IF ALL OF THESE REPORTS ARE RELATED TO A TORN |
| 19:41 UTC | TSTM WND GST 70 | Dalton | Green Lake, WI | PEA SIZED HAIL ALSO REPORTED. |
| 19:41 UTC | HAIL 2 | 3 Ese Pardeeville | Columbia, WI | DELAYED REPORT FROM YESTERDAY |
| 19:43 UTC | FLASH FLOOD | 3 S Portage | Columbia, WI | WATER OVER INTERSTATE 39 NEAR THE JUNCTION WITH HIGHWAY 78. REPORT RECEIVED VIA STATE TROOPER. |
| 19:45 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | 3 S Baraboo | Sauk, WI | RELAY FROM SAUK COUNTY SHERRIFF...REPORTED BY FIRE DEPARTMENT. FUNNEL CAME DOWN AND THEN WENT BACK INTO THE CLOUDS. |
| 19:50 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | 4 N Randolph | Dodge, WI | JUST A FUNNEL REPORTED. THE PERSON COULD NOT TELL IF THE FUNNEL WAS TOUCHING THE GROUND AND DID NOT SEE A DEBRIS FIELD. |
| 19:50 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | 3 Sse Pardeeville | Columbia, WI | LARGE OAK TREES DOWN NEAR WILLOW MILLS CAMPGROUND...HALF MILE WEST OF COUNTY ROAD SS AND COUNTY ROAD G |
| 19:55 UTC | TORNADO | 4 Se Cambria | Columbia, WI | *** 4 INJ *** DELAYED REPORT. EMERGENCY MANAGER REPORTS TORNADIC DAMAGE NEAR COUNTY HIGHWAY G IN THE CAMBRIA/RANDOLPH AREAS OF FAR NORTHEAST COLUMBIA COUNTY. A HOUSE HAD ITS WINDOWS BLOWN OUT...A SHED WAS DESTROYED...A S |
| 20:00 UTC | FLASH FLOOD | Portage | Columbia, WI | WATER OVER AT LEAST SEVERAL STREETS IN THE CITY. NO DEPTH GIVEN. |
| 20:08 UTC | TORNADO | 3 S Randolph | Dodge, WI | DELAYED REPORT FROM EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT. EF-1 RATING. MOVED FROM 3.4 S RANDOLPH IN EXTREME EASTERN COLUMBIA COUNTY TO 5.6 NW SOUTH BEAVER DAM IN DODGE COUNTY. LASTED 6 MINUTES FROM 308 PM TO 314 PM. THE PATH LENGTH WAS |
| 20:09 UTC | TORNADO | 5 Sw Beaver Dam | Dodge, WI | TORNADO REPORTED TO BE ON THE GROUND. |
| 20:10 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | Randolph | Dodge, WI | TREES REPORTED DOWN IN RANDOLPH. |
| 20:14 UTC | TSTM WND GST 73 | Pardeeville Raws | Columbia, WI | |
| 20:15 UTC | TSTM WND DMG | 2 S Randolph | Dodge, WI | NEAR HIGHWAY 73...SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO STRUCTURE...COULD HEAR STRONG WINDS |
| 20:17 UTC | FLASH FLOOD | Dalton | Green Lake, WI | WATER COVERING THE ROADS AND BARRICADES WERE SET UP. |
| 20:35 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | Maple Bluff | Dane, WI | REPORTED IN THE VICINITY OF HIGHWAY 30 AND PACKERS AVENUE. |
| 20:35 UTC | HAIL 0.75 | 7 W Fort Atkinson | Jefferson, WI | |
| 20:42 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | Busseyville | Jefferson, WI | FUNNEL CLOUD REPORTED BY A DEPUTY WEST OF FORT ATKINSON NEAR BUSSEYVILLE. |
| 20:44 UTC | TORNADO | 1 Nw Sun Prairie | Dane, WI | LOOKING NORTHWEST FROM BIRD STREET IN SUN PRARIE...A BRIEF TORNADO WITH GROUND DEBRIS. LOCATION OF BRIEF RAIN WRAPPED TORNADO AT THE CROSS ROAD OF EGRE AND HIGHWAY C OR 1 MILE NORTHWEST OF SUN PRAIRIE. ONGOING STREET FLO |
| 20:44 UTC | TORNADO | 3 E Cottage Grove | Dane, WI | DEPUTY SAW THE TORNADO TOUCH THE GROUND LOOKING FROM A LOCATION AT HIGHWAY BB AND BAXTER ROAD. IT TOUCHED DOWN IN A FIELD...SO NO DAMAGE WAS REPORTED AT THIS TIME. |
| 20:45 UTC | FLASH FLOOD | Sun Prairie | Dane, WI | WATER FLOODING OVER THE CURB AND MOVING INTO YARDS. NEAR HIGHWAY 19 AND HIGHWAY 151. |
| 20:56 UTC | TORNADO | Fort Atkinson | Jefferson, WI | SEVERAL REPORTS OF FUNNEL CLOUDS FROM AROUND THE AREA. MOST RECENTLY A REPORT OF A POSSIBLE TORNADO TOUCHDOWN ON JANESVILLE AVENUE IN FORT ATKINSON. |
| 20:57 UTC | TSTM WND GST 45 | Watertown | Jefferson, WI | ALSO PEA SIZED HAIL. |
| 21:03 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | 2 Ne Johnson Creek | Jefferson, WI | REPORTED AT EXIT 267 IN JOHNSON CREEK...LOOKING NORTHEAST. |
| 21:10 UTC | HAIL 1 | 1 N Waterloo | Jefferson, WI | |
| 21:11 UTC | HAIL 0.88 | Helenville | Jefferson, WI | |
| 21:18 UTC | FUNNEL CLOUD | 1 N Nws Sullivan/Milwau | Jefferson, WI | WEATHER SERVICE EMPLOYEES OBSERVED A FUNNEL CLOUD WITH RAPID RISING MOTION AT THE CLOUD BASE AND STRONG MOTION IN THE MESOCYCLONE. |
| 21:30 UTC | TSTM WND GST 51 | Slinger | Washington, WI | RECORDED AT SLINGER MIDDLE SCHOOL. |
| 21:30 UTC | HAIL 1 | 3 Ne Oconomowoc | Waukesha, WI | |
| 21:30 UTC | HAIL 1.75 | Oconomowoc | Waukesha, WI | HAIL LASTED 10 MINUTES. REPORTED ALONG LISBON ROAD. |
| 21:31 UTC | HAIL 1.75 | Oconomowoc | Waukesha, WI | HAIL IS OCCURRING RIGHT NOW. |
| 21:42 UTC | TORNADO 1 | 1 Nne Stoughton | Dane, WI | EF1 TORNADO WITH ESTIMATED 100 MPH WINDS. AUTOS WERE MOVED AROUND...HOMES DAMAGED...A CHURCH DAMAGED...AND TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN. PATH LENGTH 2 MILES...AND WIDTH OF 75 YARDS. |
From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.
This ground now
The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in WisconsinEvery tornado in Wisconsin since 1950Warnings in force in Wisconsin nowThe forecast where you are
The other tornadoes of June 7, 2008
30 more were confirmed in the United States that day.
| Date | Time | Rating | Where | Path (mi) | Width (yd) | Deaths | Injuries | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 7 | 1:52 PM CDT | EF0 | Grant, WI | 0.1 | 30 | $750 | ||
| June 7 | 1:57 PM CDT | EF1 | Marquette, WI | 5.1 | 100 | $302,000 | ||
| June 7 | 2:32 PM CDT | EF2 | Columbia, WI | 8.6 | 3,520 | 6 | $2.5 million | |
| June 7 | 3:08 PM CDT | EF1 | Columbia, WI | 2.9 | 75 | $200,000 | ||
| June 7 | 3:16 PM CDT | EF0 | Sauk, WI | 0.4 | 25 | |||
| June 7 | 3:25 PM CDT | EF0 | Dane, WI | 0.5 | 25 | |||
| June 7 | 3:38 PM CDT | EF0 | Dane, WI | 0.2 | 25 | |||
| June 7 | 3:41 PM CDT | EF1 | Winnebago, IA | 6.4 | 150 | $250,000 | ||
| June 7 | 3:49 PM CDT | EF0 | Jefferson, WI | 0.1 | 50 | |||
| June 7 | 4:16 PM CDT | EF0 | Worth, IA | 1.7 | 75 | |||
| June 7 | 4:21 PM CDT | EF0 | Livingston, IL | 0.9 | 20 | |||
| June 7 | 4:23 PM CDT | EF0 | Worth, IA | 2.1 | 50 | $5,000 | ||
| June 7 | 4:31 PM CDT | EF1 | Livingston, IL | 3.6 | 40 | $50,000 | ||
| June 7 | 4:40 PM CDT | EF1 | Dane, WI | 3.8 | 150 | $429,000 | ||
| June 7 | 4:50 PM CDT | EF0 | Houston, MN | 0.1 | 25 | |||
| June 7 | 4:50 PM CDT | EF0 | Mitchell, IA | 0.3 | 30 | |||
| June 7 | 5:18 PM CDT | EF2 | Kankakee, IL | 14.5 | 200 | $500,000 | ||
| June 7 | 5:28 PM CDT | EF0 | Mitchell, IA | 1.1 | 25 | |||
| June 7 | 5:37 PM CDT | EF0 | Waukesha, WI | 0.1 | 20 | |||
| June 7 | 5:42 PM CDT | EF0 | Cerro Gordo, IA | 1.0 | 40 | $5,000 | ||
| June 7 | 5:45 PM CDT | EF1 | La Crosse, WI | 6.0 | 200 | $93,000 | ||
| June 7 | 5:48 PM CDT | EF0 | Vernon, WI | 0.4 | 50 | $15,000 | ||
| June 7 | 5:51 PM CDT | EF2 | Will, IL | 2.2 | 400 | $50,000 | ||
| June 7 | 5:55 PM CDT | EF2 | Will, IL | 3.7 | 150 | $500,000 | ||
| June 7 | 6:13 PM CDT | EF2 | Will, IL | 6.5 | 150 | 6 | $9.5 million | |
| June 7 | 6:32 PM CDT | EF1 | Cook, IL | 2.0 | 75 | $1.0 million | ||
| June 7 | 6:48 PM CDT | EF0 | Cook, IL | 0.4 | 50 | $10,000 | ||
| June 7 | 6:55 PM CDT | EF0 | Osborne, KS | 0.1 | 50 | |||
| June 7 | 8:28 PM CDT | EF0 | Osborne, KS | 0.1 | 50 | |||
| June 7 | 8:37 PM CDT | EF0 | Smith, KS | 0.1 | 50 |
What this means
Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.
Sources
NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.