Tornadoes · United States · Virginia · 2010

EF0 tornado, Alton, Virginia, March 28, 2010

This EF0 tornado ran 0.2 miles across Halifax County on March 28, 2010, touching down at 10:02 PM EDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $15,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
March 28, 2010
Touchdown
10:02 PM EDT (02:02 UTC)
Lifted
10:03 PM EDT (02:03 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.2 miles (0.4 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$15,000
County
Halifax County
Touchdown point
36.578, -79.003
Lift-off point
36.579, -78.999
Record number
1003282002-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms developed ahead of a low pressure system which produced an EF-0 tornado in Alton, VA. Later on the 28th, heavy rains caused isolated flash flooding in Pittsylvania and Halifax counties.

An EF-0 tornado touched down briefly just off of Blane Road between Alton and Turbeville. Several old farm buildings and out buildings had minor roof and siding damage, and at least one large cedar tree was snapped off a few feet above the ground. Damage was scattered in this short one quarter mile path length.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

4 minutes of warning. NWS RNK issued a tornado warning for this county at 01:58 UTC, 4 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 02:45 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 23:54 UTC and running to 03:20 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
16:00 UTC10:00 UTCFlood WatchRNK
23:54 UTC03:20 UTCTornado WatchRNK
01:49 UTC07:45 UTCFlash Flood WarningRNK
01:58 UTC02:45 UTCTornado WarningRNK
02:29 UTC02:41 UTCTornado WarningRNK
02:52 UTC03:45 UTCTornado WarningRNK
03:20 UTC05:00 UTCTornado WatchRNK
07:41 UTC15:30 UTCFlood WarningRNK
08:14 UTC00:07 UTCFlood WarningRNK
13:07 UTC02:33 UTCFlood WarningRNK
15:31 UTC08:54 UTCFlood WarningRNK

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:58 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Roanoke, VA (KRNK), 00:00Z

2.0 hours before the tornado, 82 km from the path. March 29, 2010.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Roanoke, VA at 00:00Z on 2010-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -91663, lifted condensation level 443 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Roanoke, VA at 00:00Z on 2010-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 169 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 48 knots.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-91663 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
443 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
51 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
169 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
182 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Roanoke, VA (KRNK), 12:00Z

10.0 hours after it, 82 km from the path. March 29, 2010.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Roanoke, VA at 12:00Z on 2010-03-29Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -93684, lifted condensation level 688 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Roanoke, VA at 12:00Z on 2010-03-29The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -56 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 68 knots.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-93684 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
688 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
68 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-56 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-23 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Raleigh/Durham radar (KRAX), 111 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 02:03 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
02:02 UTCTORNADO3 Sse TurbevilleHalifax, VAAN EF-0 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN JUST OFF BLANE ROAD, NEAR ALTON,VA. ONE MOBILE HOME WAS DESTROYED, AND SEVERAL OLD FARM BUILDINGS AND OUTBUILDINGS HAD MINOR ROOF DAMAGE.
02:05 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Se TurbevilleHalifax, VAUNOCCUPIED TRAILER HOME TURNED OVER AND DESTROYED.
02:15 UTCTSTM WND DMGTurbevilleHalifax, VAPUBLIC REPORT OF TREE DAMAGE IN YARD AND LOUD LOCOMOTIVE SOUND FROM POSSIBLE TORNADO.
02:15 UTCFLASH FLOOD2 S Danville CityPittsylvania, VALUNA LAKE ROAD IS UNDER WATER.
02:20 UTCFLASH FLOODSouth BostonHalifax, VAINTERSECTION OF RT 58 AND 501 UNDER WATER.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2010 tornado in VirginiaEvery tornado in Virginia since 1950Warnings in force in Virginia nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 28, 2010

10 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 285:06 PM EDTEF1Edgefield, SC13.3110
March 285:37 PM EDTEF1Gaston, NC0.1100$1.1 million
March 286:00 PM EDTEF0Brevard, FL2.3200$5,000
March 286:46 PM EDTEF2Rowan, NC5.02005$1.8 million
March 287:15 PM EDTEF1Davidson, NC0.850$750,000
March 287:30 PM EDTEF3Guilford, NC3.5250$10 million
March 2810:24 PM EDTEF2Edgefield, SC2.4440$250,000
March 2811:25 PM EDTEF2Lexington, SC5.04401$1.0 million
March 2811:55 PM EDTEF1Person, NC4.075$250,000
March 2812:03 AM EDTEF0Fairfield, SC2.060

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.