Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2020

EF1 tornado, Kirbyville, Texas, December 23, 2020

This EF1 tornado ran 0.4 miles across Jasper County on December 23, 2020, touching down at 6:59 PM CST and reaching 45 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $15,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
December 23, 2020
Touchdown
6:59 PM CST (00:59 UTC)
Lifted
7:00 PM CST (01:00 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.4 miles (0.6 km)
Path width
45 yards (41 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$15,000
County
Jasper County
Touchdown point
30.665, -93.906
Lift-off point
30.666, -93.900
Record number
2012231859-01

The damage survey

5 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS LCH, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF2. The highest wind the damage implies is 122 mph.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A cold front moved through Southeast Texas causing scattered showers and a few thunderstorms. Two tornadoes also occurred.

A tornado briefly touched down in Kirbyville. It started near the FM 1013/FM 252|intersection where a car was tipped over. In the neighboring area, a couple homes lost some shinglesand several trees were snapped or uprooted.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
01:12 UTC01:26 UTCTornado WarningLCH
02:41 UTC03:53 UTCTornado WatchLCH
03:00 UTC12:00 UTCWind AdvisoryLCH
15:53 UTC00:00 UTCWind AdvisoryLCH

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Marginal Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:46 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 00:00Z

1.0 hours before the tornado, 91 km from the path. December 24, 2020.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2020-12-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 666 joules per kilogram, CIN -15, lifted condensation level 660 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2020-12-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 227 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 57 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
666 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-15 J/kg
Surface CAPE
972 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
660 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
57 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
227 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
226 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.0
Supercell composite
4.5
0-3 km lapse rate
5.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 12:00Z

11.0 hours after it, 91 km from the path. December 24, 2020.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2020-12-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -98837, lifted condensation level 1641 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2020-12-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -245 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 84 knots.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-98837 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1641 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
84 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-245 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
67 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
2.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
00:59 UTCTORNADOKirbyvilleJasper, TXAN EF1 TORNADO BRIEFLY TOUCHED DOWN IN KIRBYVILLE. IT STARTED NEAR THE FM 1013/FM 252 INTERSECTION WHERE A CAR WAS TIPPED OVER. IN THE NEIGHBORING AREA, A COUPLE HOMES LOST SOME SHINGLES AND SEVERAL TREES WERE SNAPPED OR

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2020 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of December 23, 2020

9 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 233:54 PM CSTEF2Newton, TX1.220$70,000
December 2310:26 PM CSTEF0Yazoo, MS0.750$5,000
December 2310:40 PM CSTEF0Madison, MS0.950$5,000
December 2311:17 PM CSTEF1Franklin, MS1.1150$7,000
December 2311:24 PM CSTEF1Franklin, MS5.1250$15,000
December 2311:31 PM CSTEF0Lincoln, MS1.7200$12,000
December 2311:36 PM CSTEF0Lincoln, MS3.4100$10,000
December 2311:41 PM CSTEF0Lincoln, MS4.1150$18,000
December 2311:51 PM CSTEF1Lincoln, MS1.9880$12,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.